Dietary Regulation of Adult Stem Cells
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40778_2017_72_ReferencePDF.pdf
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Author(s)
Mana, Miyeko
Kuo, Elaine Yih-Shuen
Yilmaz, Omer
Date Issued
February 2017
Journal
Current Stem Cell Reports
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Citation
Mana, Miyeko D., Elaine Yih-Shuen Kuo, and Ömer H. Yilmaz. “Dietary Regulation of Adult Stem Cells.” Current Stem Cell Reports 3.1 (2017): 1–8.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Purpose of Review: Dietary intake is a critical regulator of organismal physiology and health. Tissue homeostasis and regeneration are dependent on adult tissue stem cells that self-renew and differentiate into the specialized cell types. As stem cells respond to cues from their environment, dietary signals and nutrients influence tissue biology by altering the function and activity of adult stem cells. In this review, we highlight recent studies that illustrate how diverse diets such as caloric restriction, fasting, high-fat diets, and ketogenic diets impact stem cell function and their microenvironments.
Recent Findings: Caloric restriction generally exerts positive effects on adult stem cells, notably increasing stem cell functionality in the intestine and skeletal muscle as well as increasing hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Similarly, fasting confers protection of intestinal, hematopoietic, and neuronal stem cells against injury. High-fat diets induce intestinal stem cell niche independence and stem-like properties in intestinal progenitors, while high-fat diets impair hematopoiesis and neurogenesis.
Summary: Caloric restriction and fasting are generally beneficial to adult stem cell function, while high-fat diets impair stem cell function or create opportunities for tumorigenesis. However, the effects of each diet on stem cell biology are complex and vary greatly between tissues. Given the recent interest in developing dietary interventions or mimetics as therapeutics, further studies, including on ketogenic diets, will be essential to understand how adult stem cells respond to diet-induced signals and physiology.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-017-0072-x
