Ocean Heat Transport, Sea Ice, and Multiple Climate States: Insights from Energy Balance Models
Name
Rose-2009-Ocean Heat Transport.pdf
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1.96 MB
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Adobe PDF
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Author(s)
Rose, Brian Edward James
Marshall, John C
Date Issued
March 2009
Journal
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Publisher
American Meteorological Society
Citation
Rose, Brian E. J, and John Marshall. “Ocean Heat Transport, Sea Ice, and Multiple Climate States: Insights from Energy Balance Models.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 66.9 (2009): 2828-2843. © 2009 American Meteorological Society.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Several extensions of energy balance models (EBMs) are explored in which (i) sea ice acts to insulate the
atmosphere from the ocean and (ii) ocean heat transport is allowed to have some meridional structure
controlled by the wind, with minima at which the ice edge can rest. These new models support multiple stable
ice edges not found in the classical EBM and a hysteresis loop capable of generating abrupt warming as the
ice edge ‘‘jumps’’ from mid- to high latitudes. The new equilibria are demonstrated in two classes of model, in
which the wind stress is either specified externally or generated interactively. Wind stress is computed by
introducing a dynamical constraint into the EBM to represent the simultaneous meridional transport of
energy and angular momentum in the atmosphere. This wind stress is used to drive ocean gyres, with
associated structure in their meridional heat transport, so that the atmosphere and ocean are coupled together
both thermally and mechanically.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas3039.1
