Cost and energy requirements of hybrid RO and ED brine concentration systems for salt production
Name
Nayar et al. RO-ED Salt Production Final PrePrint.pdf
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15.03 MB
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Author(s)
Fernandes, Jenifer
McCance, Adriene
Al-Anzi, Bader S.
Nayar, Kishor Govind
McGovern, Ronan Killian
Dominguez, Kyle P.
Lienhard, John H
Date Issued
January 2019
Journal
Desalination
Publisher
Elsevier
Citation
Nayar, Kishor G. et al. “Cost and Energy Requirements of Hybrid RO and ED Brine Concentration Systems for Salt Production.” Desalination 456 (April 2019): 97–120 © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
A new concept to concentrate seawater up to 200 g/kg for producing vacuum salt using a reverse osmosis (RO) system hybridized with an electrodialysis (ED) system is presented. The RO system operates up to pressures of 120 bar and concentrates seawater up to 120 g/kg with the ED system concentrating RO brine to 200 g/kg. A parametric analysis to minimize the specific cost of brine concentration was conducted. Parameters varied were: the degree of RO-ED hybridization, ED current density, electricity prices and water prices. Optimal hybrid RO-ED designs reduced brine concentration costs by 33–70% over standalone ED systems, with revenue generated from water co-production further subsidizing costs by 1–6%. Optimizing ED current density reduced costs the most. Including a crystallizer, the total reduction in production cost over a standalone ED-crystallizer system was 19–55%, with the production cost for a typical case being $111/tonne-salt. The proposed RO-ED-crystallizer (REC) systems were found to be techno-economically feasible in Cyprus, Japan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the USA. At a road transportation distance of 735 km, REC based seawater vacuum salt was competitive with conventional vacuum salt. REC systems may open up the potential of small-scale decentralized salt production. Keywords: Reverse osmosis; Electrodialysis; Hybrid; Salt production; Brine concentration; Seawater
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Sloan School of Management
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2018.11.018
