LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF THE K-SHELL TRANSITION ENERGIES IN L-SHELL IONS OF SI AND S
Name
Hell-2016-LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF THE K-SHE.pdf
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1.4 MB
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Author(s)
Hell, N.
Brown, G. V.
Wilms, J.
Clementson, J.
Liedahl, D.
Porter, F. S.
Kelley, R. L.
Kilbourne, C. A.
Beiersdorfer, P.
Grinberg, Victoria
Date Issued
October 2016
Journal
Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Citation
Hell, N., G. V. Brown, J. Wilms, V. Grinberg, J. Clementson, D. Liedahl, F. S. Porter, R. L. Kelley, C. A. Kilbourne, and P. Beiersdorfer. “LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF THE K-SHELL TRANSITION ENERGIES IN L-SHELL IONS OF SI AND S.” The Astrophysical Journal 830, no. 1 (October 4, 2016): © 2016 The American Astronomical Society
Version
Final published version
Abstract
We have measured the energies of the strongest 1s–2ℓ (ℓ = s, p) transitions in He- through Ne-like silicon and sulfur ions to an accuracy of <1 eV using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's electron beam ion traps, EBIT-I and SuperEBIT, and the NASA/GSFC EBIT Calorimeter Spectrometer (ECS). We identify and measure the energies of 18 and 21 X-ray features from silicon and sulfur, respectively. The results are compared to new Flexible Atomic Code calculations and to semi-relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations by Palmeri et al. (2008). These results will be especially useful for wind diagnostics in high-mass X-ray binaries, such as Vela X-1 and Cygnus X-1, where high-resolution spectral measurements using Chandra's high-energy transmission grating has made it possible to measure Doppler shifts of 100 km s[superscript -1]. The accuracy of our measurements is consistent with that needed to analyze Chandra observations, exceeding Chandra's 100 km s[superscript -1] limit. Hence, the results presented here not only provide benchmarks for theory, but also accurate rest energies that can be used to determine the bulk motion of material in astrophysical sources. We show the usefulness of our results by applying them to redetermine Doppler shifts from Chandra observations of Vela X-1.
MIT Department
MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637x/830/1/26
