Functional analysis of CX3CR1 in human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell‐derived microglia‐like cells
Name
nihms-1692595.pdf
Description
Accepted version
Size
1.49 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
3709c1af187bc8e4249f5c1951aebe67
Author(s)
Murai, Nobuhito
Mitalipova, Maisam
Jaenisch, Rudolf
Date Issued
2020
Journal
European Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher
Wiley
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
© 2020 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system and crucial to proper development and maintenance of the brain. Microglia have been recognized to be associated with neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammatory disorders. CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), which is specifically expressed in microglia, regulates microglia homeostatic functions such as microglial activation and is downregulated in aged brain and disease-associated microglia in rodents, yet its role in human microglia is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the function of CX3CR1 in human microglia using human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived microglia-like cells. Human iPS cell-derived microglia-like cells expressed microglial markers and showed an activated state and phagocytic activity. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we deleted CX3CR1 in human iPS cells and found increased inflammatory responses and phagocytic activity in mutant as compared to wild-type microglia-like cells. In addition, the CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1, a ligand for CX3CR1) significantly decreased the upregulation of IL-6 by lipopolysaccharide stimulation in human iPS cell-derived microglia-like cells. These results suggest that CX3CR1 in human microglia may contribute to microglial homeostasis by regulating inflammatory response and phagocytosis.
MIT Department
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1111/EJN.14879
