Estimating the instantaneous velocity of randomly moving target swarms in a stratified ocean waveguide by Doppler analysis
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Makris_Estimating the.pdf
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Author(s)
Bertsatos, Ioannis
Makris, Nicholas
Date Issued
2011
Journal
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Publisher
American Institute of Physics/Acoustical Society of America
Citation
Bertsatos, Ioannis, and Nicholas C. Makris. “Estimating the Instantaneous Velocity of Randomly Moving Target Swarms in a Stratified Ocean Waveguide by Doppler Analysis.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130, no. 1 (2011): 84. © 2011 Acoustical Society of America.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Doppleranalysis has been extensively used in active radar and sonar sensing to estimate the speed and direction of a single target within an imaging system resolution cell following deterministic theory. For target swarms, such as fish and plankton in the ocean, and raindrops, birds and bats in the atmosphere, multiple randomly moving targets typically occupy a single resolution cell, making single-target theory inadequate. Here, a method is developed for simultaneously estimating the instantaneous mean velocity and position of a group of randomly moving targets within a resolution cell, as well as the respective standard deviations across the group by Doppleranalysis in free-space and in a stratified oceanwaveguide. While the variance of the field scattered from the swarm is shown to typically dominate over the mean in the range-velocity ambiguity function, cross-spectral coherence remains and maintains high Dopplervelocity and position resolution even for coherent signal processing algorithms such as the matched filter. For pseudo-random signals, the mean and variance of the swarms’ velocity and position can be expressed in terms of the first two moments of the measured range-velocity ambiguity function. This is shown analytically for free-space and with Monte-Carlo simulations for an oceanwaveguide.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3557039
