QPlacer: Frequency-Aware Component Placement for Superconducting Quantum Computers
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3695053.3730994.pdf
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Author(s)
Zhang, Junyao
Wang, Hanrui
Ding, Qi
Gu, Jiaqi
Assouly, Reouven
Oliver, William
Han, Song
Brown, Kenneth
Li, Hai
Chen, Yiran
Date Issued
June 20, 2025
Publisher
ACM|Proceedings of the 52nd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture
Citation
Junyao Zhang, Hanrui Wang, Qi Ding, Jiaqi Gu, Reouven Assouly, William Oliver, Song Han, Kenneth Brown, Hai Li, and Yiran Chen. 2025. QPlacer: Frequency-Aware Component Placement for Superconducting Quantum Computers. In Proceedings of the 52nd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA '25). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1554–1567.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Quantum Computers face a critical limitation in qubit numbers, hindering their progression towards large-scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing. A significant challenge impeding scaling is crosstalk, characterized by unwanted interactions among neighboring components on quantum chips, including qubits, resonators, and substrates. We motivate a general approach to systematically resolving multifaceted crosstalks in a limited substrate area. We propose QPlacer, a frequency-aware electrostatic-based placement framework tailored for superconducting quantum computers, to alleviate crosstalk by isolating these components in spatial and frequency domains alongside compact substrate design.
QPlacer commences with a frequency assigner that ensures frequency domain isolation for qubits and resonators. It then incorporates a padding strategy and resonator partitioning for layout flexibility. Central to our approach is the conceptualization of quantum components as charged particles, enabling strategic spatial isolation through a ‘frequency repulsive force’ concept. Our results demonstrate that QPlacer carefully crafts the physical component layout in mitigating various crosstalk impacts while maintaining a compact substrate size. On various device topologies and NISQ benchmarks, QPlacer improves fidelity by an average of 37.5 × and reduces spatial violations (susceptible to crosstalk) by an average of 12.76 ×, compared to classical placement engines. Regarding area optimization, compared to manual designs, QPlacer can reduce the required layout area by 2.14 × on average.
Description
ISCA ’25, Tokyo, Japan
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1145/3695053.3730994
