Nonlinear Optical Probe of Tunable Surface Electrons on a Topological Insulator
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Hsieh-2011-Nonlinear Optical Pr.pdf
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Author(s)
Hsieh, David
McIver, James
Torchinsky, Darius Hosseinzadeh
Gardner, Dillon Richard
Lee, Young S.
Gedik, Nuh
Date Issued
February 2011
Journal
Physical Review Letters
Publisher
American Physical Society
Citation
Hsieh, D. et al. "Nonlinear Optical Probe of Tunable Surface Electrons on a Topological Insulator." Phys. Rev. Lett. 106:5, 057401 (2011) © 2011 American Physical Society.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
We use ultrafast laser pulses to experimentally demonstrate that the second-order optical response of bulk single crystals of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 is sensitive to its surface electrons. By performing surface doping dependence measurements as a function of photon polarization and sample orientation we show that second harmonic generation can simultaneously probe both the surface crystalline structure and the surface charge of Bi2Se3. Furthermore, we find that second harmonic generation using circularly polarized photons reveals the time-reversal symmetry properties of the system and is surprisingly robust against surface charging, which makes it a promising tool for spectroscopic studies of topological surfaces and buried interfaces.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.057401
