U(1) × U(1) symmetry-protected topological order in Gutzwiller wave functions
Name
PhysRevB.90.235146.pdf
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734.99 KB
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Author(s)
Liu, Zheng-Xin
Mei, Jia-Wei
Ye, Peng
Wen, Xiao-Gang
Date Issued
December 2014
Journal
Physical Review B
Publisher
American Physical Society
Citation
Liu, Zheng-Xin, Jia-Wei Mei, Peng Ye, and Xiao-Gang Wen. "U(1) × U(1) symmetry-protected topological order in Gutzwiller wave functions." Phys. Rev. B 90, 235146 (December 2014). © 2014 American Physical Society
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Gutzwiller projection is a way to construct many-body wave functions that could carry topological order or symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order. However, an important issue is to determine whether or not a given Gutzwiller-projected wave function (GWF) carries a nontrivial SPT order, and which SPT order is carried by the wave function. In this paper, we numerically study the SPT order in a spin S = 1 GWF on the kagome lattice. Using the standard Monte Carlo method, we directly confirm that the GWF has (1) gapped bulk with short-range correlations, (2) a trivial topological order via a nondegenerate ground state, and zero topological entanglement entropy, (3) a nontrivial U(1) × U(1) SPT order via the Hall conductances of the protecting U(1) × U(1) symmetry, and (4) a symmetry-protected gapless boundary. This represents numerical evidence of continuous symmetry-protected topological order in two-dimensional bosonic lattice systems.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.235146
