Legitimacy versus morality: Why do the Chinese obey the law?
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LegitimacyversusMoralitypub.pdf
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209 KB
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Author(s)
Gao, Jingkang
Zhao, Jinhua
Date Issued
April 2018
Journal
Law and Human Behavior
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Citation
Gao, Jingkang and Jinhua Zhao. “Legitimacy Versus Morality: Why Do the Chinese Obey the Law?” Law and Human Behavior 42, 2 (April 2018): 167–180 © 2018 American Psychological Association
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
This study explored two aspects of the rule of law in China: (1) motivations for compliance with 4 groups of everyday laws and regulations and (2) determinants of the legitimacy of legal authorities. We applied a structural equations model, constructed from Tyler's conceptual process-based self-regulation model with morality added as a motivation, to online questionnaire responses from 1,000 Shanghai drivers. We explored the compliance with four particular groups of laws: public disturbance; conventional traffic laws; illegal downloading; and distracted driving. The results were threefold. First, for all four groups of laws, the perceived morality influenced compliance consistently and more strongly than the perceived legitimacy of the authorities and all other motivations. The influence of perceived legitimacy of authorities was inconsistent across the four groups of laws tested. Second, the influence of perceived severity of punishment was consistent and significant across all four groups of laws, whereas perceived risk of apprehension had no significant impact on compliance. Third, evaluations of procedural fairness, not those concerning the equitable distribution of law enforcement services and effectiveness of law enforcement, were most strongly linked to legitimacy. In addition to showing that China is a law-abiding society governed by morality, these results underscore the importance of examining morality and magnitude of punishment as potential motivations for compliance in addition to legitimacy and certainty of punishment. They also illustrate the necessity to examine different groups of laws separately when studying compliance. Finally, these results challenge the linkage between legitimacy and compliance previously established in the literature. Keywords: legitimacy; morality; compliance; procedural fairness; China
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1037/LHB0000271
