Symmetric M-ary phase discrimination using quantum-optical probe states
Name
Nair-2012-Symmetric M-ary phase discrimination using.pdf
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Author(s)
Shapiro, Jeffrey H.
Nair, Ranjith
Yen, Brent J.
Guha, Saikat
Pirandola, Stefano
Date Issued
August 2012
Journal
Physical Review A
Publisher
American Physical Society
Citation
Nair, Ranjith et al. “Symmetric M-ary Phase Discrimination Using Quantum-optical Probe States.” Physical Review A 86.2 (2012). ©2012 American Physical Society
Version
Final published version
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of minimum error probability discrimination, using quantum-optical probe states, of M optical phase shifts situated symmetrically on the unit circle. We assume ideal lossless conditions and full freedom for implementing quantum measurements and for probe-state selection, subject only to a constraint on the average energy, i.e., photon number. In particular, the probe state is allowed to have any number of signal and ancillary modes and to be pure or mixed. Our results are based on a simple criterion that partitions the set of pure probe states into equivalence classes with the same error probability performance. Under an energy constraint, we find the explicit form of the state that minimizes the error probability. This state is an unentangled but nonclassical single-mode state. The error performance of the optimal state is compared with several standard states in quantum optics. We also show that discrimination with zero error is possible only beyond a threshold energy of (M−1)/2. For the M=2 case, we show that the optimum performance is readily demonstrable with current technology. While transmission loss and detector inefficiencies lead to a nonzero erasure probability, the error rate conditional on no erasure is shown to remain the same as the optimal lossless error rate.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.86.022306
