Dynamic Compression Stimulates Proteoglycan Synthesis by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Absence of Chondrogenic Cytokines
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Kisiday-2009-Dynamic Compression.pdf
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Author(s)
Kisiday, John D.
Frisbie, David D.
McIlwraith, C. Wayne
Grodzinsky, Alan J.
Date Issued
April 2009
Journal
Tissue Engineering. Part A
Publisher
Mary Ann Liebert
Citation
Kisiday, John D. et al. “Dynamic Compression Stimulates Proteoglycan Synthesis by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Absence of Chondrogenic Cytokines.” Tissue Engineering Part A 15.10 (2009): 2817-2824. Copyright © 2009, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic compression on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)
chondrogenesis. Dynamic compression was applied to agarose hydrogels seeded with bone marrow-derived
adult equine MSCs. In the absence of the chondrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGFb), dynamic
compression applied for 12 h per day led to significantly greater proteoglycan synthesis than in unloaded
TGFb-free cultures, although at a rate that was approximately 20% to 35% of unloaded TGFb cultures. These data
suggest that the emergence of aggrecan dominated a chondrogenic response to loading as increases in proteoglycan
synthesis. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted to subjectively identify potential spatial distributions
of heterogeneous differentiation. In loaded samples, cell viability and metachromatic staining was low near the
porous compression platen interface but increased with depth, reaching levels in the lower portion of the hydrogel
that resembled unloaded TGFb cultures. These results suggest that the combination of high hydrostatic
pressure and low dynamic strain and fluid flow had a stronger effect on chondrogenesis than did low hydrostatic
pressure coupled with high dynamic strain and fluid flow. Next, the 12-h per day loading protocol was applied in
the presence of TGFb. Biosynthesis in loaded cultures was less than in unloaded TGFb samples. Taken together,
these data suggest that the duration of loading necessary to stimulate mechanoinduction of MSCs may not be
optimal for neo-tissue accumulation in the presence of chondrogenic cytokines.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Biomedical Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0357
