Autophagy Is Required for Glucose Homeostasis and Lung Tumor Maintenance
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Jacks_Autophagy is.pdf
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Author(s)
Karsli-Uzunbas, Gizem
Guo, Jessie Yanxiang
Price, Sandy
Teng, Xin
Laddha, Saurabh V.
Khor, Sinan
Kalaany, Nada Y.
Chan, Chang S.
Rabinowitz, Joshua D.
White, Eileen
Date Issued
May 2014
Journal
Cancer Discovery
Publisher
American Association for Cancer Research
Citation
Karsli-Uzunbas, G., J. Y. Guo, S. Price, X. Teng, S. V. Laddha, S. Khor, N. Y. Kalaany, et al. “Autophagy Is Required for Glucose Homeostasis and Lung Tumor Maintenance.” Cancer Discovery 4, no. 8 (May 29, 2014): 914–927.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy hereafter) recycles intracellular components to sustain mitochondrial metabolism that promotes the growth, stress tolerance, and malignancy of lung cancers, suggesting that autophagy inhibition may have antitumor activity. To assess the functional significance of autophagy in both normal and tumor tissue, we conditionally deleted the essential autophagy gene, autophagy related 7 (Atg7), throughout adult mice. Here, we report that systemic ATG7 ablation caused susceptibility to infection and neurodegeneration that limited survival to 2 to 3 months. Moreover, upon fasting, autophagy-deficient mice suffered fatal hypoglycemia. Prior autophagy ablation did not alter the efficiency of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) initiation by activation of oncogenic KrasG12D and deletion of the Trp53 tumor suppressor. Acute autophagy ablation in mice with preexisting NSCLC, however, blocked tumor growth, promoted tumor cell death, and generated more benign disease (oncocytomas). This antitumor activity occurred before destruction of normal tissues, suggesting that acute autophagy inhibition may be therapeutically beneficial in cancer.
Significance: We systemically ablated cellular self-cannibalization by autophagy in adult mice and determined that it is dispensable for short-term survival, but required to prevent fatal hypoglycemia and cachexia during fasting, delineating a new role for autophagy in metabolism. Importantly, acute, systemic autophagy ablation was selectively destructive to established tumors compared with normal tissues, thereby providing the preclinical evidence that strategies to inhibit autophagy may be therapeutically advantageous for RAS-driven cancers.
MIT Department
MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-0363
