Human otic progenitor cell models of congenital hearing loss reveal potential pathophysiologic mechanisms of Zika virus and cytomegalovirus infections
Name
harding-et-al-2024-human-otic-progenitor-cell-models-of-congenital-hearing-loss-reveal-potential-pathophysiologic (1).pdf
Description
Published version
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2.13 MB
Format
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Checksum (MD5)
49ee02e4538bfb96199e64ec96b4a01f
Author(s)
Harding, Alfred T
Ocwieja, Karen
Jeong, Minjin
Zhang, Yichen
Leger, Valerie
Jhala, Nairuti
Stankovic, Konstantina M
Gehrke, Lee
Date Issued
March 5, 2024
Journal
mBio
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Citation
Harding AT, Ocwieja K, Jeong M, Zhang Y, Leger V, Jhala N, Stankovic KM, Gehrke L. 2024. Human otic progenitor cell models of congenital hearing loss reveal potential pathophysiologic mechanisms of Zika virus and cytomegalovirus infections. mBio 15:e00199-24.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Congenital hearing loss is a common chronic condition affecting children in both developed and developing nations. Viruses correlated with congenital hearing loss include human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), which causes congenital Zika syndrome. The mechanisms by which HCMV and ZIKV infections cause hearing loss are poorly understood. It is challenging to study human inner ear cells because they are encased in bone and also scarce as autopsy samples. Recent advances in culturing human stem cell-derived otic progenitor cells (OPCs) have allowed us herein to describe successful in vitro infection of OPCs with HCMV and ZIKV, and also to propose potential mechanisms by which each viral infection could affect hearing. We find that ZIKV infection rapidly and significantly induces the expression of type I interferon and interferon-stimulated genes, while OPC viability declines, at least in part, from apoptosis. In contrast, HCMV infection did not appear to upregulate interferons or cause a reduction in cell viability, and instead disrupted expression of key genes and pathways associated with inner ear development and function, including Cochlin, nerve growth factor receptor, SRY-box transcription factor 11, and transforming growth factor-beta signaling. These findings suggest that ZIKV and HCMV infections cause congenital hearing loss through distinct pathways, that is, by inducing progenitor cell death in the case of ZIKV infection, and by disruption of critical developmental pathways in the case of HCMV infection.
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00199-24
