Mechanics and historical evolution of sea level blowouts in New York Harbor
Name
jmse-07-00160.pdf
Size
3.38 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
1c2155d738c8419e1ac8fb7c454a6ec9
Author(s)
Gurumurthy, Praneeth
Orton, Philip M.
Talke, Stefan A.
Georgas, Nickitas
Booth, James F.
Date Issued
May 23, 2019
Journal
Journal of marine science and engineering
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Citation
Gurumurthy, Praneeth, Philip M. Orton, Stefan A. Talke, Nickitas Georgas, and James F. Booth, "Mechanics and historical evolution of sea level blowouts in New York Harbor." Journal of marine science and engineering 7, 5 (May 2019): no. 160 doi 10.3390/jmse7050160 ©2019 Author(s)
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Wind-induced sea level blowouts, measured as negative storm surge or extreme low water (ELW), produce public safety hazards and impose economic costs (e.g., to shipping). In this paper, we use a regional hydrodynamic numerical model to test the effect of historical environmental change and the time scale, direction, and magnitude of wind forcing on negative and positive surge events in the New York Harbor (NYH). Environmental sensitivity experiments show that dredging of shipping channels is an important factor affecting blowouts while changing ice cover and removal of other roughness elements are unimportant in NYH. Continuously measured water level records since 1860 show a trend towards smaller negative surge magnitudes (measured minus predicted water level) but do not show a significant change to ELW magnitudes after removing the sea-level trend. Model results suggest that the smaller negative surges occur in the deeper, dredged modern system due to a reduced tide-surge interaction, primarily through a reduced phase shift in the predicted tide. The sensitivity of surge to wind direction changes spatially with remote wind effects dominating local wind effects near NYH. Convergent coastlines that amplify positive surges also amplify negative surges, a process we term inverse coastal funneling. ©2019
MIT Department
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7050160
