Measurement and deduction of emissions of short-lived atmospheric organo-chloride compounds
Name
44616416-MIT.pdf
Description
Full printable version
Size
21.97 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
3d815427dd66cd777dabcfed0ef388f6
Author(s)
Kleiman, Gary, 1969-
Advisor(s)
Ronald G. Prinn.
Date Issued
1999
Publisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract
Atmospheric studies of halogenated organics have centered on long lived halocarbons due to their effect on stratospheric ozone. Now that controls have been put in place to curb emissions of longer lived halocarbons through the Montreal Protocol, and speculation about the safety of many short-lived chlorinated organic molecules has been raised, there has been more consideration given to the efforts aimed at determining the levels of human exposure to all types of halogenated organics. Most previous studies of reactive chlorine compounds have focused solely on quantifying their ambient levels in urban and rural regions. However, for many of these organo-chlorine molecules a detailed knowledge of emissions levels, transport, and final environmental disposition still does not exist. The present work was designed to aid in understanding the emissions patterns for several reactive halogenated organic compounds including trichloromethane (chloroform, CHCl3), trichloroethene (TCE, CHClCCl2), and tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene, CCl2CCl2). A high temporal frequency (hourly) measurement campaign in Nahant, Massachusetts (approximately 10 km. northeast of Boston) provided automated gas-chromatographic measurements for these species as well as the somewhat more stable 1,1,1 trichloroethane (methyl chloroform, CH3CCl3). Cryogenic preconcentrations, daily calibrations, and weekly linearity tests insure high precision (
Description
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-88).
Subjects
Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
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