Fundamental differences in diversity and genomic population structure between Atlantic and Pacific Prochlorococcus
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Kashtan_et_al_ISME2017.pdf
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Author(s)
Grinberg, Maor
Stepanauskas, Ramunas
Kashtan, Nadav
Roggensack, Sara
Thompson, Jessica Weidemier
Chisholm, Sallie (Penny)
Date Issued
May 2017
Journal
ISME Journal
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Citation
Kashtan, Nadav et al. “Fundamental Differences in Diversity and Genomic Population Structure Between Atlantic and Pacific Prochlorococcus.” The ISME Journal 11, 9 (May 2017): 1997–2011
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans represent different biogeochemical regimes in which the abundant marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus thrives. We have shown that Prochlorococcus populations in the Atlantic are composed of hundreds of genomically, and likely ecologically, distinct coexisting subpopulations with distinct genomic backbones. Here we ask if differences in the ecology and selection pressures between the Atlantic and Pacific are reflected in the diversity and genomic composition of their indigenous Prochlorococcus populations. We applied large-scale single-cell genomics and compared the cell-by-cell genomic composition of wild populations of co-occurring cells from samples from Station ALOHA off Hawaii, and from Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Station off Bermuda. We reveal fundamental differences in diversity and genomic structure of populations between the sites. The Pacific populations are more diverse than those in the Atlantic, composed of significantly more coexisting subpopulations and lacking dominant subpopulations. Prochlorococcus from the two sites seem to be composed of mostly non-overlapping distinct sets of subpopulations with different genomic backbones—likely reflecting different sets of ocean-specific micro-niches. Furthermore, phylogenetically closely related strains carry ocean-associated nutrient acquisition genes likely reflecting differences in major selection pressures between the oceans. This differential selection, along with geographic separation, clearly has a significant role in shaping these populations.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2017.64
