Loss of gastrokine-2 drives premalignant gastric inflammation and tumor progression
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Author(s)
Menheniott, Trevelyan R.
O’Connor, Louise
Chionh, Yok Teng
Däbritz, Jan
Scurr, Michelle
Rollo, Benjamin N.
Ng, Garrett Z.
Jacobs, Shelley
Catubig, Angelique
Kurklu, Bayzar
Date Issued
March 2016
Journal
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation
Citation
Menheniott, Trevelyan R., Louise O’Connor, Yok Teng Chionh, Jan Däbritz, Michelle Scurr, Benjamin N. Rollo, Garrett Z. Ng, et al. “Loss of Gastrokine-2 Drives Premalignant Gastric Inflammation and Tumor Progression.” Journal of Clinical Investigation 126, no. 4 (March 14, 2016). © 2016 American Society for Clinical Investigation
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Chronic mucosal inflammation is associated with a greater risk of gastric cancer (GC) and, therefore, requires tight control by suppressive counter mechanisms. Gastrokine-2 (GKN2) belongs to a family of secreted proteins expressed within normal gastric mucosal cells. GKN2 expression is frequently lost during GC progression, suggesting an inhibitory role; however, a causal link remains unsubstantiated. Here, we developed Gkn2 knockout and transgenic overexpressing mice to investigate the functional impact of GKN2 loss in GC pathogenesis. In mouse models of GC, decreased GKN2 expression correlated with gastric pathology that paralleled human GC progression. At baseline, Gkn2 knockout mice exhibited defective gastric epithelial differentiation but not malignant progression. Conversely, Gkn2 knockout in the IL-11/STAT3-dependent gp130[superscript F/F] GC model caused tumorigenesis of the proximal stomach. Additionally, gastric immunopathology was accelerated in Helicobacter pylori–infected Gkn2 knockout mice and was associated with augmented T helper cell type 1 (Th1) but not Th17 immunity. Heightened Th1 responses in Gkn2 knockout mice were linked to deregulated mucosal innate immunity and impaired myeloid-derived suppressor cell activation. Finally, transgenic overexpression of human gastrokines (GKNs) attenuated gastric tumor growth in gp130[superscript F/F] mice. Together, these results reveal an antiinflammatory role for GKN2, provide in vivo evidence that links GKN2 loss to GC pathogenesis, and suggest GKN restoration as a strategy to restrain GC progression.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Division of Comparative Medicine
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1172/jci82655
