Crosstalk analysis of integrated Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays
Name
Younger-2009-Crosstalk analysis of integrated Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays.pdf
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1.04 MB
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Author(s)
Younger, Richard D.
McIntosh, K. Alexander
Chludzinski, Joseph W.
Oakley, Douglas C.
Mahoney, Leonard J.
Funk, Joseph E.
Donnelly, Joseph P.
Verghese, Simon
Date Issued
April 2009
Journal
Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering
Publisher
Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers
Citation
Younger, Richard D. et al. “Crosstalk analysis of integrated Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays.” Advanced Photon Counting Techniques III. Ed. Mark A. Itzler & Joe C. Campbell. Orlando, FL, USA: SPIE, 2009. 73200Q-12. © 2009 SPIE
Richard D. Younger, K. Alex McIntosh, Joseph W. Chludzinski, Douglas C. Oakley, Leonard J. Mahoney, Joseph E. Funk, Joseph P. Donnelly, and S. Verghese
MIT Lincoln Lab. (USA)
Arrays of photon-counting Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (APDs) sensitive to 1.06 and 1.55 µm wavelengths and as large as 256 x 64 elements on 50 µm pitch have been fabricated for defense applications. As array size, and element density increase, optical crosstalk becomes an increasingly limiting source of spurious counts. We characterize the crosstalk by measurement of emitted light, and by extracting the spatial and temporal focal plane array (FPA) response to the light from FPA dark count statistics. We discuss the physical and geometrical causes of FPA crosstalk, suggest metrics useful to system designers, then present measured crosstalk metrics for large FPAs as a function of their operating parameters. We then present FPA designs that suppress crosstalk effects and show more than 40 times reduction in crosstalk.
© 2009 SPIE
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Arrays of photon-counting Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (APDs) sensitive to 1.06 and 1.55 µm wavelengths and as large as 256 x 64 elements on 50 µm pitch have been fabricated for defense applications. As array size, and element density increase, optical crosstalk becomes an increasingly limiting source of spurious counts. We characterize the crosstalk by measurement of emitted light, and by extracting the spatial and temporal focal plane array (FPA) response to the light from FPA dark count statistics. We discuss the physical and geometrical causes of FPA crosstalk, suggest metrics useful to system designers, then present measured crosstalk metrics for large FPAs as a function of their operating parameters. We then present FPA designs that suppress crosstalk effects and show more than 40 times reduction in crosstalk.
MIT Department
Lincoln Laboratory
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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DOI of Published Version
http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.819173
