Reducing the negative human-health impacts of bioenergy crop emissions through region-specific crop selection
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Porter-2015-Reducing the negativ.pdf
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Author(s)
Guenther, Alex
Lamarque, Jean-Francois
Barsanti, Kelley
Porter, William C.
Rosenstiel, Todd N.
Date Issued
May 2015
Journal
Environmental Research Letters
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Citation
Porter, William C, Todd N Rosenstiel, Alex Guenther, Jean-Francois Lamarque, and Kelley Barsanti. “Reducing the Negative Human-Health Impacts of Bioenergy Crop Emissions through Region-Specific Crop Selection.” Environmental Research Letters 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 054004. © 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd
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Final published version
Abstract
An expected global increase in bioenergy-crop cultivation as an alternative to fossil fuels will have consequences on both global climate and local air quality through changes in biogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While greenhouse gas emissions may be reduced through the substitution of next-generation bioenergy crops such as eucalyptus, giant reed, and switchgrass for fossil fuels, the choice of species has important ramifications for human health, potentially reducing the benefits of conversion due to increases in ozone (O[subscript 3]) and fine particulate matter (PM[subscript 2.5]) levels as a result of large changes in biogenic emissions. Using the Community Earth System Model we simulate the conversion of marginal and underutilized croplands worldwide to bioenergy crops under varying future anthropogenic emissions scenarios. A conservative global replacement using high VOC-emitting crop profiles leads to modeled population-weighted O[subscript 3] increases of 5–27 ppb in India, 1–9 ppb in China, and 1–6 ppb in the United States, with peak PM[subscript 2.5] increases of up to 2 μg m[superscript −3]. We present a metric for the regional evaluation of candidate bioenergy crops, as well as results for the application of this metric to four representative emissions profiles using four replacement scales (10–100% maximum estimated available land). Finally, we assess the total health and climate impacts of biogenic emissions, finding that the negative consequences of using high-emitting crops could exceed 50% of the positive benefits of reduced fossil fuel emissions in value.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/5/054004
