Treatment with chondroitin sulfate to modulate inflammation and atherogenesis in obesity
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Author(s)
Rosas, Elisabet
Dreyfuss, Juliana L.
Montell, Eulàlia
Vergés, Josep
Balcells, Mercedes
Melgar Lesmes, Pedro
Garcia Polite, Fernando
Del Rey Puech, Paula
Rosas, Elisabet Canyelles
Edelman, Elazer R
Date Issued
December 2015
Journal
Atherosclerosis
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Citation
Melgar-Lesmes, Pedro, et al. “Treatment with Chondroitin Sulfate to Modulate Inflammation and Atherogenesis in Obesity.” Atherosclerosis, vol. 245, Feb. 2016, pp. 82–87.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Background and aims: Osteoarthritic patients treated with high doses of chondroitin sulfate (CS) have a lower incidence of coronary heart disease - but the mechanistic aspects of these beneficial effects of CS remain undefined. We examined how CS treatment affects the formation of atheroma via interaction with endothelial cells and monocytes. Methods: We characterized arterial atheromatous plaques by multiphoton microscopy and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines by immunoenzymatic techniques in obese mice receiving CS (1 g/kg/day, i.p.) or vehicle for 6 days. Effects of CS on signaling pathways, cytokine secretion and macrophage migration were evaluated in cultures of human coronary endothelial cells and in a monocyte cell line stimulated with TNF-α by Western blot, immunoenzymatic techniques and transwell migration assays. Results: Treatment of obese mice with CS reduced the extension of foam cell coverage in atheromatous plaques of arterial bifurcations by 62.5%, the serum concentration of IL1β by 70%, TNF-α by 82% and selected chemokines by 25-35%. Cultures of coronary endothelial cells and monocytes stimulated with TNF-α secreted less pro-inflammatory cytokines in the presence of CS (P < 0.01). CS reduced the activation of the TNF-α signaling pathway in endothelial cells (pErk 36% of reduction, and NFκB 33% of reduction), and the migration of activated monocytes to inflamed endothelial cells in transwells (81 ± 6 vs. 13 ± 2, P < 0.001). Conclusions: CS interferes with the pro-inflammatory activation of monocytes and endothelial cells driven by TNF-α thus reducing the propagation of inflammation and preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science
Harvard University--MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATHEROSCLEROSIS.2015.12.016
