Accessing monomers from lignin through carbon–carbon bond cleavage
Name
2540082.pdf
Description
Accepted version
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3.66 MB
Format
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Author(s)
Palumbo, Chad T
Ouellette, Erik T
Zhu, Jie
Román-Leshkov, Yuriy
Stahl, Shannon S
Beckham, Gregg T
Date Issued
October 4, 2024
Journal
Nature Reviews Chemistry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Citation
Palumbo, C.T., Ouellette, E.T., Zhu, J. et al. Accessing monomers from lignin through carbon–carbon bond cleavage. Nat Rev Chem 8, 799–816 (2024).
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Lignin, the heterogeneous aromatic macromolecule found in the cell walls of vascular plants, is an abundant feedstock for the production of biochemicals and biofuels. Many valorization schemes rely on lignin depolymerization, with decades of research focused on accessing monomers through C–O bond cleavage, given the abundance of β–O–4 bonds in lignin and the large number of available C–O bond cleavage strategies. Monomer yields are, however, invariably lower than desired, owing to the presence of recalcitrant C–C bonds whose selective cleavage remains a major challenge in catalysis. In this Review, we highlight lignin C–C cleavage reactions, including those of linkages arising from biosynthesis (β–1, β–5, β–β and 5–5) and industrial processing (5–CH2–5 and α–5). We examine multiple approaches to C–C cleavage, including homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, photocatalysis and biocatalysis, to identify promising strategies for further research and provide guidelines for definitive measurements of lignin C–C bond cleavage.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-024-00652-9
