An Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict the Mortality of COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission Time Using Routine Blood Samples: Development and Validation of an Ensemble Model
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Published version
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Author(s)
Ko, Hoon
Chung, Heewon
Kang, Wu Seong
Park, Chul
Kim, Do Wan
Kim, Seong Eun
Chung, Chi Ryang
Ko, Ryoung Eun
Lee, Hooseok
Seo, Jae Ho
Date Issued
December 2020
Journal
Journal of Medical Internet Research
Publisher
JMIR Publications Inc.
Citation
Ko, Hoon et al. "An Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict the Mortality of COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission Time Using Routine Blood Samples: Development and Validation of an Ensemble Model." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, 12 (December 2020): e25442. © 2020 The Authors
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Background: COVID-19, which is accompanied by acute respiratory distress, multiple organ failure, and death, has spread worldwide much faster than previously thought. However, at present, it has limited treatments.
Objective: To overcome this issue, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model of COVID-19, named EDRnet (ensemble learning model based on deep neural network and random forest models), to predict in-hospital mortality using a routine blood sample at the time of hospital admission.
Methods: We selected 28 blood biomarkers and used the age and gender information of patients as model inputs. To improve the mortality prediction, we adopted an ensemble approach combining deep neural network and random forest models. We trained our model with a database of blood samples from 361 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, and applied it to 106 COVID-19 patients in three Korean medical institutions.
Results: In the testing data sets, EDRnet provided high sensitivity (100%), specificity (91%), and accuracy (92%). To extend the number of patient data points, we developed a web application (BeatCOVID19) where anyone can access the model to predict mortality and can register his or her own blood laboratory results.
Conclusions: Our new AI model, EDRnet, accurately predicts the mortality rate for COVID-19. It is publicly available and aims to help health care providers fight COVID-19 and improve patients’ outcomes.
MIT Department
Lincoln Laboratory
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.2196/25442
