Out-of-equilibrium criticalities in graphene superlattices
Name
2106.12609.pdf
Description
Accepted version
Size
1.98 MB
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Checksum (MD5)
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Author(s)
Berdyugin, Alexey I
Xin, Na
Gao, Haoyang
Slizovskiy, Sergey
Dong, Zhiyu
Bhattacharjee, Shubhadeep
Kumaravadivel, P
Xu, Shuigang
Ponomarenko, LA
Holwill, Matthew
Date Issued
January 28, 2022
Journal
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Citation
Berdyugin, Alexey I, Xin, Na, Gao, Haoyang, Slizovskiy, Sergey, Dong, Zhiyu et al. 2022. "Out-of-equilibrium criticalities in graphene superlattices." Science, 375 (6579).
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
In thermodynamic equilibrium, current in metallic systems is carried by electronic states near the Fermi energy, whereas the filled bands underneath contribute little to conduction. Here, we describe a very different regime in which carrier distribution in graphene and its superlattices is shifted so far from equilibrium that the filled bands start playing an essential role, leading to a critical-current behavior. The criticalities develop upon the velocity of electron flow reaching the Fermi velocity. Key signatures of the out-of-equilibrium state are current-voltage characteristics that resemble those of superconductors, sharp peaks in differential resistance, sign reversal of the Hall effect, and a marked anomaly caused by the Schwinger-like production of hot electron-hole plasma. The observed behavior is expected to be common to all graphene-based superlattices.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi8627
