Theory of Water Desalination with Intercalation Materials
Name
PhysRevApplied.9.064036.pdf
Size
1.02 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
c1ea5db836223e55013b1efa56d96767
Author(s)
Singh, K.
Bouwmeester, H. J. M.
de Smet, L. C. P. M.
Biesheuvel, P. M.
Bazant, Martin Z
Date Issued
June 2018
Journal
Physical Review Applied
Publisher
American Physical Society
Citation
Singh, K. et al. "Theory of Water Desalination with Intercalation Materials." Physical Review Applied 9, 6 (June 2018): 064036 © 2018 American Physical Society
Version
Final published version
Abstract
We present a porous electrode theory for capacitive deionization with electrodes containing nanoparticles that consist of a redox-active intercalation material. A geometry of a desalination cell is considered which consists of two porous electrodes, two flow channels, and an anion-exchange membrane, and we use the Nernst-Planck theory to describe ion transport in the aqueous phase in all these layers. A single-salt solution is considered, with unequal diffusion coefficients for anions and cations. Similar to previous models for capacitive deionization and electrodialysis, we solve the dynamic two-dimensional equations by assuming that the flow of water, and thus the advection of ions, is zero in the electrode, and in the flow channel only occurs in the direction along the electrode and membrane. In all layers, diffusion and migration are only considered in the direction perpendicular to the flow of water. Electronic as well as ionic transport limitations within the nanoparticles are neglected, and instead the Frumkin isotherm (or regular solution model) is used to describe local chemical equilibrium of cations between the nanoparticles and the adjacent electrolyte, as a function of the electrode potential. Our model describes the dynamics of key parameters of the CDI process with intercalation electrodes, such as effluent salt concentration, the distribution of intercalated ions, cell voltage, and energy consumption.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mathematics
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.064036
