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Cytoplasmic condensation induced by membrane damage is associated with antibiotic lethality
Name
s41467-021-22485-6.pdf
Description
Published version
Size
3.5 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
3c10f243e6c94bc3640b81929be65526
Author(s)
Wong, Felix
Stokes, Jonathan M
Cervantes, Bernardo
Penkov, Sider
Friedrichs, Jens
Renner, Lars D
Collins, James J
Date Issued
December 2021
Journal
Nature Communications
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Version
Final published version
Abstract
AbstractBactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria by perturbing various cellular targets and processes. Disruption of the primary antibiotic-binding partner induces a cascade of molecular events, leading to overproduction of reactive metabolic by-products. It remains unclear, however, how these molecular events contribute to bacterial cell death. Here, we take a single-cell physical biology approach to probe antibiotic function. We show that aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones induce cytoplasmic condensation through membrane damage and subsequent outflow of cytoplasmic contents as part of their lethality. A quantitative model of membrane damage and cytoplasmic leakage indicates that a small number of nanometer-scale membrane defects in a single bacterium can give rise to the cellular-scale phenotype of cytoplasmic condensation. Furthermore, cytoplasmic condensation is associated with the accumulation of reactive metabolic by-products and lipid peroxidation, and pretreatment of cells with the antioxidant glutathione attenuates cytoplasmic condensation and cell death. Our work expands our understanding of the downstream molecular events that are associated with antibiotic lethality, revealing cytoplasmic condensation as a phenotypic feature of antibiotic-induced bacterial cell death.
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
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DOI of Published Version
10.1038/s41467-021-22485-6
