Anthropogenic Space Weather
Name
11214_2017_Article_357.xml.Meta
Size
14.93 KB
Format
XML
Checksum (MD5)
a4a504ea46070b661614c203ab6f9014
Author(s)
Balogh, A.
Gombosi, T. I.
Baker, D. N.
Huba, J. D.
Lanzerotti, L. J.
Erickson, Philip J
Date Issued
April 2017
Journal
Space Science Reviews
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Citation
Gombosi, T. I., et al. “Anthropogenic Space Weather.” Space Science Reviews, vol. 212, no. 3–4, Nov. 2017, pp. 985–1039.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Anthropogenic effects on the space environment started in the late 19th century and reached their peak in the 1960s when high-altitude nuclear explosions were carried out by the USA and the Soviet Union. These explosions created artificial radiation belts near Earth that resulted in major damages to several satellites. Another, unexpected impact of the high-altitude nuclear tests was the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) that can have devastating effects over a large geographic area (as large as the continental United States). Other anthropogenic impacts on the space environment include chemical release experiments, high-frequency wave heating of the ionosphere and the interaction of VLF waves with the radiation belts. This paper reviews the fundamental physical process behind these phenomena and discusses the observations of their impacts. Keywords: High-altitude nuclear explosions, Artificial radiation belts, Electromagnetic pulse (EMP), Damage to satellites, Space Debris, Chemical releases, HF heating, VLF waves and radiation belts
MIT Department
Haystack Observatory
Terms of Use
Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0357-5
