Eco-Friendly Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles from Natural Agave, Chiku, and Soursop Extracts: A Sustainable Approach to Antibacterial Applications
Name
crystals-15-00470.pdf
Size
4.27 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
5fe3a66db6ed12c3779bb9e35b885a8a
Author(s)
Channa, G. Mustafa
Iturbe-Ek, Jackeline
Sustaita, Alan O.
Melo-Maximo, Dulce V.
Bhatti, Atiya
Esparza-Sanchez, Juan
Navarro-Lopez, Diego E.
Lopez-Mena, Edgar R.
Sanchez-Lopez, Angelica Lizeth
Lozano, Luis Marcelo
Date Issued
May 16, 2025
Journal
Crystals
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Citation
Channa, G.M.; Iturbe-Ek, J.; Sustaita, A.O.; Melo-Maximo, D.V.; Bhatti, A.; Esparza-Sanchez, J.; Navarro-Lopez, D.E.; Lopez-Mena, E.R.; Sanchez-Lopez, A.L.; Lozano, L.M. Eco-Friendly Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles from Natural Agave, Chiku, and Soursop Extracts: A Sustainable Approach to Antibacterial Applications. Crystals 2025, 15, 470.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Traditional methods of synthesizing nanoparticles often rely on physical and chemical processes using synthetic hazardous chemicals. In contrast, the rise in green chemistry emphasizes using bioactive compounds from plants for the eco-friendly synthesis of nanostructures. These green synthesis techniques are increasingly recognized for their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ability to yield non-toxic by-products, an approach that aligns with sustainable practices. In this research, a straightforward, cheap, environmentally friendly, and sustainable procedure was developed to fabricate Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) employing three different pulp extracts: Agave (Agave americana), Chiku (Manilkara zapota), and Soursop (Annona muricata) to serve in the synthesis as capping, reduction, or stabilization agent. Analytical characterization techniques confirmed the successful phytosynthesis of ZnO-NPs, evidenced by significant absorbance peaks of UV-Vis spectra at 362 nm, and the chemical composition of ZnO without noticeable traces of phytochemical residues by carrying out ATR-FTIR analysis. SEM, STEM microscopies, and XRD analysis verified that the ZnO nanoparticles possess spherical geometries and hexagonal crystal structures. The average size of these nanoparticles was around 15.94, 18.08, and 23.32 nm for Agave, Chiku, and Soursop extract-based synthesis, respectively. Additionally, the in vitro antibacterial activity of phytosynthetized ZnO-NPs was evaluated against E. coli and S. aureus, confirming effective bacterial growth inhibition and demonstrating their significant antimicrobial potential.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050470
