A Highly Linear Ultra-Low-Area-and-Power CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillator for Autonomous Microsystems
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micromachines-15-01193-v2.pdf
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10.93 MB
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Author(s)
Pacheco, Javier de Mena
Palacios, Tomas
Hempel, Marek
Vallejo, Marisa Lopez
Date Issued
September 26, 2024
Journal
micromachines
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Citation
Pacheco, J.d.M.; Palacios, T.; Hempel, M.; Vallejo, M.L. A Highly Linear Ultra-Low-Area-and-Power CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillator for Autonomous Microsystems. Micromachines 2024, 15, 1193.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) can be an excellent means of converting a magnitude into a readable value. However, their design becomes a real challenge for power-and-area-constrained applications, especially when a linear response is required. This paper presents a VCO for smart dust systems fabricated by 65 nm technology. It is designed to minimize leakage, limit high peak currents and provide an output whose frequency variation is linear with the input voltage, while allowing rail-to-rail input range swing. The oscillator occupies 592 μm2
, operates in a frequency range from 43 to 53 Hz and consumes a maximum average power of 210 pW at a supply voltage of 1 V and 4 pW at 0.3 V. In addition, the proposed VCO exhibits a quasi-linear response of frequency vs. supply voltage and temperature, allowing easy temperature compensation with complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) voltage.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15101193
