Quantifying the climate impacts of albedo changes due to biofuel production: a comparison with biogeochemical effects
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Caiazzo-2014-Quantifying the clim.pdf
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Author(s)
Caiazzo, Fabio
Malina, Robert
Staples, Mark Douglas
Wolfe, Philip James
Yim, Hung Lam Steve
Barrett, Steven R. H.
Date Issued
January 2014
Journal
Environmental Research Letters
Publisher
Institute of Physics Publishing
Citation
Caiazzo, Fabio, Robert Malina, Mark D Staples, Philip J Wolfe, Steve H L Yim, and Steven R H Barrett. “Quantifying the Climate Impacts of Albedo Changes Due to Biofuel Production: a Comparison with Biogeochemical Effects.” Environmental Research Letters 9, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 024015.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Lifecycle analysis is a tool widely used to evaluate the climate impact of greenhouse gas emissions attributable to the production and use of biofuels. In this paper we employ an augmented lifecycle framework that includes climate impacts from changes in surface albedo due to land use change. We consider eleven land-use change scenarios for the cultivation of biomass for middle distillate fuel production, and compare our results to previous estimates of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions for the same set of land-use change scenarios in terms of CO2e per unit of fuel energy. We find that two of the land-use change scenarios considered demonstrate a warming effect due to changes in surface albedo, compared to conventional fuel, the largest of which is for replacement of desert land with salicornia cultivation. This corresponds to 222 gCO2e/MJ, equivalent to 3890% and 247% of the lifecycle GHG emissions of fuels derived from salicornia and crude oil, respectively. Nine of the land-use change scenarios considered demonstrate a cooling effect, the largest of which is for the replacement of tropical rainforests with soybean cultivation. This corresponds to − 161 gCO2e/MJ, or − 28% and − 178% of the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of fuels derived from soybean and crude oil, respectively. These results indicate that changes in surface albedo have the potential to dominate the climate impact of biofuels, and we conclude that accounting for changes in surface albedo is necessary for a complete assessment of the aggregate climate impacts of biofuel production and use.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Engineering Systems Division
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/2/024015
