https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68160 2026-04-03T18:06:53Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90506 Supplemental Data: Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Frontal-Striatal Reward System in Social Anxiety Disorder Manning, Joshua; Reynolds, Gretchen; Saygin, Zeynep M.; Hofmann, Stefan G.; Pollack, Mark; Gabrieli, John D. E.; Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan 2014-10-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75815 Supplementary Material: Evaluating the validity of volume-based and surface-based brain image registration for developmental cognitive neuroscience studies in children 4 to 11 years of age Ghosh, SS; Kakunoori, S; Augustinack, Jean; Nieto-Castanon, Alfonso; Kovelman, Ioulia; Gaab, Nadine; Christodoulou, Joanna A.; Triantafyllou, Christina; Gabrieli, John; Fischl, Bruce Understanding the neurophysiology of human cognitive development relies on methods that enable accurate comparison of structural and functional neuroimaging data across brains from people of different ages. A fundamental question is whether the substantial brain growth and related changes in brain morphology that occur in early childhood permit valid comparisons of brain structure and function across ages. Here we investigated whether valid comparisons can be made in children from ages 4 to 11, and whether there are differences in the use of volume-based versus surface-based registration approaches for aligning structural landmarks across these ages. Regions corresponding to the calcarine sulcus, central sulcus, and Sylvian fissure in both the hemispheres were manually labeled on T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images from 31 children ranging in age from 4.2 to 11.2 years old. Quantitative measures of shape similarity and volumetric-overlap of these manually labeled regions were calculated when brains were aligned using a 12-parameter affine transform, SPM's nonlinear normalization, a diffeomorphic registration (ANTS), and FreeSurfer's surface-based registration. Registration error for normalization into a common reference framework across participants in this age range was lower than commonly used functional imaging resolutions. Surface-based registration provided significantly better alignment of cortical landmarks than volume-based registration. In addition, registering children's brains to a common space does not result in an age-associated bias between older and younger children, making it feasible to accurately compare structural properties and patterns of brain activation in children from ages 4 to 11. ANTS template created for use in the published article 2010-10-15T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69968 Supplementary material: Predicting treatment response in social anxiety disorder from functional magnetic resonance imaging Doehrmann, Oliver; Ghosh, Satrajit S; Polli, Frida E; Reynolds, Gretchen O; Horn, Franziska; Keshavan, Anisha; Triantafyllou, Christina; Saygin, Zeynep M; Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan; Hofmann, Stefan G; Pollack, Mark; Gabrieli, John D Context: Current behavioral measures poorly predict treatment outcome in social anxiety disorder (SAD). This is the first study to examine neuroimaging-based treatment prediction in SAD. Objective: To measure brain activation in patients affected by SAD as a biomarker to predict subsequent response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Design: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected prior to CBT intervention. Changes in clinical status were regressed on brain responses and tested for selectivity for social stimuli. Setting: Patients were treated with protocol-based CBT at anxiety disorder programs at Boston University or Massachusetts General Hospital and underwent neuroimaging data collection at MIT. Patients: Thirty-nine medication-free patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for the generalized subtype of social anxiety disorder. Interventions: Brain responses to angry versus neutral faces or emotional versus neutral scenes were examined with fMRI prior to initiation of CBT. Main outcome measures: Whole-brain regression analyses with differential fMRI responses for angry versus neutral faces and changes on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale as the treatment outcome measure. Results: Pretreatment responses significantly predicted subsequent treatment outcome of patients selectively for social stimuli and particularly in regions of higher-order visual cortex. Combining the brain measures with information on clinical severity accounted for more than forty percent of the variance in treatment response, and substantially exceeded predictions based on clinical measures at baseline. Prediction success was unaffected by testing for potential confounding factors such as depression severity at baseline. Conclusion: The results suggest that brain imaging can provide biomarkers that substantially improve predictions for the success of cognitive behavioral interventions, and more generally suggest that such biomarkers may offer evidence-based, personalized medicine approaches for optimally selecting among treatment options for a patient. Clinical trial registration at www.clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT00515879): http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00515879?term=Hofmann&rank=1 Supplementary material used in the analysis of data for submitted paper. 2012-04-06T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68575 Supplementary material: A cortico-striatal neural system enhances auditory perception through temporal context processing Geiser, Eveline; Notter, Michael; Gabrieli, John Original Analysis script including preprocessing, first- and second-level fMRI analysis of the data presented in the manuscript Geiser, E., Notter, M., & Gabrieli J.D.E. (under review). A cortico-striatal neural system enhances auditory perception through temporal context processing. J Neurosci. 2012-01-13T00:00:00Z