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dc.contributor.advisorLloyd D. Keigwin.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Ning, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technologyen_US
dc.contributor.otherWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-11T19:57:57Z
dc.date.available2017-05-11T19:57:57Z
dc.date.copyright2017en_US
dc.date.issued2017en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108960
dc.descriptionThesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017.en_US
dc.descriptionCataloged from PDF version of thesis.en_US
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references (pages 137-149).en_US
dc.description.abstractSignificant changes occurred during the last deglaciation (roughly 10-20 thousand years (ka) before present) throughout the climate system. The ocean is a large reservoir of carbon and heat, however, its role during the deglaciation is still not well understood. In this thesis, I rely on radiocarbon measurements on fossil biogenic carbonates sampled from the seafloor to constrain deglacial ocean ventilation rates, using new data, an extensive data compilation, and inverse modeling. First, based on a sediment core that is absolutely dated from wooden remains, I argue that the deglacial ¹⁴C reservoir age of the upper East Equatorial Pacific was not very different from today. Combined with stable carbon isotope data, the results suggest that the deglacial atmospheric CO₂ rise was probably due to CO₂ released directly from the ocean (e.g., in the Southern Ocean) to the atmosphere rather than first mixed through the upper ocean. Then using a high-deposition-rate sediment core located close to deep water formation regions in the western North Atlantic, I show that compared to today, the mid-depth water production in the North Atlantic was probably stronger during the Younger Dryas cold episode, and weaker during other intervals of the late deglaciation. However, the change was not as large as suggested by previous studies. Finally, I compile published and unpublished deep ocean ¹⁴C data, and find that the ¹⁴C activity of the deep ocean mirrors that of the atmosphere during the past 25 ka. A box model of modern ocean circulation is fit to the compiled data using an inverse method. I find that the residuals of the fit can generally be explained by the data uncertainties, implying that the compiled data jointly do not provide strong evidence for basin-scale ventilation changes. Overall, this thesis suggests that, although deep ocean ventilation may have varied at some locations during the last deglaciation, the occurrence of basin-scale ventilation changes are much more difficult to be put on a firm footing. An imbalance between cosmogenic production and radioactive decay appears as the most natural explanation for the deglacial ¹⁴C activity decline observed in both the atmosphere and the deep ocean.en_US
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityby Ning Zhao.en_US
dc.format.extent149 pagesen_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMassachusetts Institute of Technologyen_US
dc.rightsMIT theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed, downloaded, or printed from this source but further reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.en_US
dc.rights.urihttp://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582en_US
dc.subjectJoint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering.en_US
dc.subjectEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences.en_US
dc.subjectWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution.en_US
dc.titleReconstructing deglacial ocean ventilation using radiocarbon : data and inverse modelingen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
dc.description.degreePh. D.en_US
dc.contributor.departmentJoint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineeringen_US
dc.contributor.departmentWoods Hole Oceanographic Institutionen_US
dc.contributor.departmentMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
dc.identifier.oclc986488249en_US


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