Lithium ion power generator : a novel system for direct thermal to electric energy conversion

Abstract

Wireless sensing technology has advanced greatly, but a critical obstacle to miniaturization and true autonomy is how to power sensors. Lithium ion batteries have been ideal power sources due to their high power density, but autonomy requires some form of power generation. The unique demands of miniaturization require power generation that can be isothermal and have a small cross-section. Lithium ion batteries can be used to generate power for wireless sensors in isothermal conditions. A novel circuit is proposed that can function in either a dual or single-temperature configuration. Novel cells are also proposed to maximize the effect of the system. LiCo02 used as a positive electrode with LiV2Os as a negative electrode (LCO/LVO) could theoretically generate 0.9mvK-1 in the dual-temperature system. Additionally, LCO/LVO cells used in conjunction with LiNio.Mno.1Co0.1O2 used as a positive electrode and LiFePO 4 used as a negative electrode should be able to generate 0.9mVK-1 when used in the single-temperature system.