Fourier-based optical analysis of a membrane mirror spatial light modulator

Abstract

This thesis presents the operational theory and engineering numerical models for the operation of a schlieren-like Fourier optical system, used to read out a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) for phase to intensity conversion. The computational model, based on discrete cosine transforms, is lightweight enough to be run on standard desktop computers, and flexible enough to allow engineering simulations of arbitrary pixel phase profiles, including empirical datasets. We apply these models to case studies of the design and simulation of pixel geometries and readout system designs for a MEMS-based membrane mirror spatial light modulator (MMSLM), for use as a projection display at a range of visible and infrared wavelengths. Output images, contrast curves and pixel uniformities are simulated for each case study. Simulation results indicate the use of a zero-order blocking spatial filter when high contrast is prioritized, while a zero-order passing spatial filter provides enhanced uniformity of arrays of many pixels. Key engineering rules of thumb and a sample design flow are provided for the design of future phase-contrast projection systems.