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Near-resonance in a System of Sub-Neptunes from TESS

Author(s)
Huang, Chelsea; Ricker, George R.; Vanderspek, Roland K.; Seager, Sara; Crossfield, Ian; Daylan, Tansu; Dittmann, Jason A.; ... Show more Show less
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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Abstract
We report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite detection of a multi-planet system orbiting the V = 10.9 K0 dwarf TOI-125. We find evidence for up to five planets, with varying confidence. Three transit signals with high signal-to-noise ratio correspond to sub-Neptune-sized planets (2.76, 2.79, and 2.94 R ⊕), and we statistically validate the planetary nature of the two inner planets (P b = 4.65 days, P c = 9.15 days). With only two transits observed, we report the outer object (P .03 = 19.98 days) as a planet candidate with high signal-to-noise ratio. We also detect a candidate transiting super-Earth (1.4 R ⊕) with an orbital period of only 12.7 hr and a candidate Neptune-sized planet (4.2 R ⊕) with a period of 13.28 days, both at low signal-to-noise ratio. This system is amenable to mass determination via radial velocities and transit-timing variations, and provides an opportunity to study planets of similar size while controlling for age and environment. The ratio of orbital periods between TOI-125 b and c (P c /P b = 1.97) is slightly lower than an exact 2:1 commensurability and is atypical of multiple planet systems from Kepler, which show a preference for period ratios just wide of first-order period ratios. A dynamical analysis refines the allowed parameter space through stability arguments and suggests that despite the nearly commensurate periods, the system is unlikely to be in resonance. ©2019
Date issued
2019-11
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124708
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics; MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
Journal
Astronomical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Citation
Quinn, Samuel N., et al.,"Near-resonance in a System of Sub-Neptunes from TESS." Astronomical Journal 158, 5 (November 2019): no. 177 doi 10.3847/1538-3881/AB3F2B ©2019 Author(s)
Version: Final published version
ISSN
1538-3881

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