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Identification and Characterization of Modulators of Chemotherapeutic Response in Mouse Models of Cancer
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Chemotherapeutic drug resistance is a major cause of cancer treatment failure. While much attention has been focused on the genetics of tumor development, less is known about the genetic determinants of therapeutic outcome. ...
Molecular titration by MicroRNAs and target mimic inhibitors
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules that repress gene expression in a sequence-dependent manner. Each miRNA is predicted to target hundreds of genes, and a majority of protein-coding ...
Mechanisms of regulation of the spindle position checkpoint kinase, Kin4
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Most cells are polarized in that they are aware of spatial cues and can respond to these cues accordingly. One major aspect of cell function that is often responsive to these polarization cues is cell division. Cell division, ...
Tissue-specific interactions between oncogenic K-ras and the p19A̳r̳f̳_p53 pathway determine susceptibility to transformation
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Tumor development is a multi-step process driven by the collective action of gain-of-function mutations in oncogenes and loss-of-function alterations in tumor suppressor genes. The particular spectrum of mutations in a ...
The localization of mTORC1 signaling
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Cells sense and respond to their environment by maintaining appropriate activity levels and localizations of key signaling proteins. In eukaryotic cells, cell size is increasingly appreciated as being coordinated by the ...
Phosphorus physiology of the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Primary producers play a critical role in the oceanic food chain and the global cycling of carbon. The marine diazotroph Trichodesmium is a major contributor to both primary production and nitrogen fixation in the tropical ...
Structural elucidation of a common architecture of the nuclear pore complex and COPIl vesicle coats
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are massive protein assemblies that perforate the nuclear envelope and form the exclusive passageway for nucleocytoplasmic transport. NPCs play critical roles in molecular transport and a ...
Post-transcriptional coordination by an RNA-binding protein
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
RNA-binding proteins can regulate the stability, localization, and translation of their target mRNAs. Post-transcriptional regulation can orchestrate dynamic changes in gene expression, and can coordinate multiple cellular ...
Requirement for AMPA receptor endocytosis and long-term depression in ocular dominance plasticity
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
The classic example of experience-dependent cortical plasticity is the ocular dominance (OD) shift in visual cortex following monocular deprivation (MD). As in other mammals with binocular vision, MD in mice induces ...
Biophysical and structural characterization of components from the nuclear pore complex and the ubiquitin pathway
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Formation of an endomembrane system in the eukaryotic cell is a hallmark of biological evolution. One such system is the nuclear envelope (NE), composed of an inner and outer membrane, used to form a nucleus and enclose ...