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Prion protein in health and disease
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
The prion protein (PrP) is a conserved glycoprotein tethered to cell membranes by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. In mammals, PrP is expressed in many tissues, most abundantly in brain, heart, and muscle. Importantly, ...
The developmental role and regulation of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome in Drosophila meiosis
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
Meiosis is a modified cell cycle in which two round of chromosome segregation occur without an intervening DNA synthesis phase. As in mitosis, these cell divisions are driven in part by proteolysis mediated by the ...
Mapping the core regulatory circuitry of embryonic stem cells
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are of tremendous biological interest because they have the capacity, termed pluripotency, to generate any cell type of the adult organism. Our lab is interested in understanding the genetic ...
Dissecting the transcriptional regulatory network of embryonic stem cells
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
The process by which a single fertilized egg develops into a human being with over 200 cell types, each with a distinct gene expression pattern controlling its cellular state, is poorly understood. An understanding of the ...
The rule of Myosin II and Rap2 in synaptic structure and function
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
Synapses, the connections between neurons, exhibit both structural and functional plasticity, and these changes could underlie learning and memory. Two synaptic phenomena that have been studied extensively are Hebbian ...
Tuning strength and specificity in the N-end rule
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
Protein degradation is a central mechanism in the regulation of gene expression and activity. Proteolysis regulates not only homeostatic activities, but also the cell's responses to stress. A recurring question underlying ...
CDK control of mitotic progression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
Mitotic cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are best known for their essential functions in triggering entry into M-phase, where they have established roles in nuclear envelope breakdown, chromosome condensation, and Golgi ...
Studies of bacterial homeostasis Sinorhizobium meliloti and Escherichia coli
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
The symbiosis between Sinorhizobium meliloti and its plant host Medicago sativa, offers a tractable model to explore the bacterial requirements for endocytic survival in a eukaryotic host. It has been shown that during ...
Identification of new genes and pathways that act to delay C. elegans aging
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
Aging of an organism is determined by both stochastic and genetic components. The importance of genes is illustrated by the discovery of single gene mutations that alter lifespans of species ranging from invertebrates C. ...
Mechanisms of brain ventricle development
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008)
The brain ventricles are a conserved system of fluid-filled cavities within the brain that form during the earliest stages of brain development. Abnormal brain ventricle development has been correlated with neurodevelopmental ...