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Spatial and temporal coordination of genome segregation with activation of the Mitotic Exit Network
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
In budding yeast, an essential Hippo-like signal transduction cascade known as the Mitotic Exit Network (MEN) governs the final cell cycle transition, the mitosis to G1 transition. To ensure the accurate execution of ...
The Importance of RNA Pairing Stability and Target Concentration for Regulation by MicroRNAs
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is highly precise and complex. Changes in expression can define the fate of each cell, convert healthy tissues to diseased ones, and even lead to speciation. Regulation occurs ...
In vivo pool-based shRNA screens to identify modulators of disease progression in hematopoietic malignancies
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
shRNA screens have been very effective in identifying novel cancer genes in mammalian cells, but they have primarily been limited to in vitro applications in tumor cell lines. Whereas in vivo retroviral mutagenesis screens ...
The cell-secreted microenvironment : shaping embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
The objective of this work is to obtain an in depth understanding of how embryonic stem cell-secreted signals contribute to their identity. We analyze the contribution of broad and specific signals present in the cell-secreted ...
Contributions of aromatic pairs of human Gamma-D-Crystallin to its folding, stability, aggregation, and interaction with human Alpha B-Crystallin
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
Two distinct groups of proteins, a-crystallins and [Beta][gamma]-crystallins, constitute 90% of the vertebrate eye lens soluble proteins. Long-term solubility and stability against unfolding and aggregation are essential ...
Roles for chromatin regulators during differentiation of embryonic stem cells
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
Mammalian development involves the process by which a single fertilized egg develops into an adult with over 200 specialized cell types, each with a distinct gene expression pattern controlling its cellular state. As cells ...
The role of Huntingtin in fast axonal transport
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
Huntington's Disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative disease that occurs when an expansion of the polyQ tract of the huntingtin gene expands to greater than ~35 residues. This mutation leads to aggregation ...
Cellular and genetic mechanisms of new tissue production in the regenerating planarian Schmidtea mediterranea
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
Regeneration of missing body parts is biologically fascinating, yet poorly understood. Many instances of regeneration, such as the replacement of amphibian limbs or planarian heads, require both a source for new cellular ...
The auditory system of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) : a potential fatty sound reception pathway in a mysticete cetacean
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
Despite widespread concerns about the effects of anthropogenic noise on baleen whales (suborder Mysticeti), we lack basic information about their auditory physiology for comprehensive risk assessments. Hearing ranges and ...
Insights into the regulation of the CRL4D̳T̳L̳ ubiquitin ligase
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
The eukaryotic mitotic cell cycle is a strictly ordered process by which cells accurately duplicate their genome and divide into two. Ubiquitin-mediated degradation of key cell cycle regulators ensures that the cell cycle ...