Development of Dual Extruder Biomaterial 3D Printer

Abstract

This research presents the design and fabrication of a novel dual-extruder biotic 3D printer for the precise deposition of natural biocomposites using organic materials such as pectin, chitosan, and cellulose. Unlike traditional FDM printers that rely on thermoplastic extrusion, this printer employs a syringe-based mechanical extruder capable of depositing viscous biomaterial hydrogels. The integration of a first-of-its-kind dual-extruder system enables the fabrication of multi-material prints and the exploration of biomaterial composites and complex geometric structures, thereby advancing sustainable, bio-inspired manufacturing. This thesis emphasizes the machine engineering aspects of the printer's development, including project motivation, systematic design methodology, component design and fabrication, testing, and exploration of future work. Notable features of the system include user-friendly operation for non-experts, open-source accessibility, and compatibility with a wide range of biomaterials. By addressing existing limitations in biomaterial 3D printing technology, this work provides a robust platform to support future research in biomaterials, sustainable additive manufacturing, and bio-inspired design. Furthermore, the open-source nature of the printer fosters innovation and collaboration, accelerating the adoption of sustainable materials and manufacturing methods.