An integrative framework for architecting supply chains

Abstract

This thesis explores the limitations of classic models of supply chain management, and proposes a new view based on the concept of value-driven supply chains, and a method of analysis and design based on the concepts of System Architecture. A new supply chain process reference map proposed by Simchi-Levi and Fine is used to frame the architecture. The model revises and extends the de-facto standard reference model in the industry, SCOR 6.0, to reflect the new scope and concerns. A method of analysis based on the understanding of the strategic intent of the firm, the characteristics of the environment in which the firm will operate, and the capabilities of the firm is proposed. Building on analysis frameworks by Shapiro and Fine, the analysis attempts to align the characteristics of the supply chain with the requirements of the different competitive strategies the firm may pursue, and explores environmental constraints through six lenses-regulation, industry structure, business dynamics, technology dynamics, customer preferences, and capital markets. The process reference map is used to frame the analysis of the capabilities of the firm in three dimensions: the production system, product development process, and the distribution system. A prescriptive framework is developed and applied to two case studies: INDITEX (Zara) and General Motors.