Browsing Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change Reports by Author "Prinn, Ronald G."
Now showing items 1-15 of 15
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Analysis of Climate Policy Targets under Uncertainty
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-09)Although policymaking in response to the climate change is essentially a challenge of risk management, most studies of the relation of emissions targets to desired climate outcomes are either deterministic or subject to a ... -
Development of a Fast and Detailed Model of Urban-Scale Chemical and Physical Processing
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-10)A reduced form metamodel has been produced to simulate the effects of physical, chemical, and meteorological processing of highly reactive trace species in hypothetical urban areas, which is capable of efficiently simulating ... -
Effects of Air Pollution Control on Climate
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005-01)Urban air pollution and climate are closely connected due to shared generating processes (e.g., combustion) for emissions of the driving gases and aerosols. They are also connected because the atmospheric lifecycles of ... -
Global Economic Effects of Changes in Crops, Pasture, and Forests due to Changing Climate, Carbon Dioxide, and Ozone
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2007-05)Multiple environmental changes will have consequences for global vegetation. To the extent that crop yields and pasture and forest productivity are affected there can be important economic consequences. We examine the ... -
Global Health and Economic Impacts of Future Ozone Pollution
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-08)We assess the human health and economic impacts of projected 2000-2050 changes in ozone pollution using the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis-Health Effects (EPPA-HE) model, in combination with results from the ... -
The Influence on Climate Change of Differing Scenarios for Future Development Analyzed Using the MIT Integrated Global System Model
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2008-09)A wide variety of scenarios for future development have played significant roles in climate policy discussions. This paper presents projections of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, sea level rise due to thermal expansion ... -
Methane Fluxes Between Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Atmosphere at Northern High Latitudes During the Past Century: A retrospective analysis with a process-based biogeochemistry model
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2004-03)We develop and use a new version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) to study how rates of methane (CH4) emissions and consumption in high-latitude soils of the Northern Hemisphere have changed over the past century ... -
MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) Version 2: Model Description and Baseline Evaluation
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005-07)The MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) is designed for analyzing the global environmental changes that may result from anthropogenic causes, quantifying the uncertainties associated with the projected changes, and ... -
Past and Future Effects of Ozone on Net Primary Production and Carbon Sequestration Using a Global Biogeochemical Model
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2003-10)Exposure of plants to ozone inhibits photosynthesis and therefore reduces vegetation production and carbon sequestration. Simulations with the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) for the historical period (1860-1995) show ... -
Potential Climatic Impacts and Reliability of Very Large-Scale Wind Farms
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-06)Meeting future world energy needs while addressing climate change requires large-scale deployment of low or zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission technologies such as wind energy. The widespread availability of wind power has ... -
Probabilistic Forecast for 21st Century Climate Based on Uncertainties in Emissions (without Policy) and Climate Parameters
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-01)The MIT Integrated Global System Model is used to make probabilistic projections of climate change from 1861 to 2100. Since the model's first projections were published in 2003 substantial improvements have been made to ... -
A Process-based Analysis of Methane Exchanges Between Alaskan Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Atmosphere
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2003-11)We developed and used a new version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) to study how rates of methane (CH4) emissions and consumption in Alaskan soils have changed over the past century in response to observed changes ... -
The Role of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases in Climate Policy: Analysis Using the MIT IGSM
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2004-08)First steps toward a broad climate agreement, such as the Kyoto Protocol, have focused attention on agreement with less than global geographic coverage. We consider instead a policy that is less comprehensive in term of ... -
A semi-empirical representation of the temporal variation of total greenhouse gas levels expressed as equivalent levels of carbon dioxide
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-06)In order to examine the underlying longer-term trends in greenhouse gases, that are driven for example by anthropogenic emissions or climate change, it is useful to remove the recurring effects of natural cycles and ... -
A Strategy for a Global Observing System for Verification of National Greenhouse Gas Emissions
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2011-06)With the risks of climate change becoming increasingly evident, there is growing discussion regarding international treaties and national regulations to lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Enforcement of such agreements ...
