Browsing Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change Reports by Title
Now showing items 30-49 of 329
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Can Tariffs be Used to Enforce Paris Climate Commitments?
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2017-06)We evaluate the potential for using border carbon adjustments (BCAs) and welfare-maximizing tariffs to compel non-compliant countries to meet emissions reduction targets pledged under the Paris Climate Agreement. Our ... -
Canada’s Bitumen Industry Under CO2 Constraints
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2010-01)We investigate the effects of implementing CO2 emissions reduction policies on Canada’s oil sands industry, the largest of its kind in the world. The production of petroleum products from oils sands involves extraction of ... -
Cap and trade policies in the presence of monopoly and distortionary taxation
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2001-03)We extend an analytical general equilibrium model of environmental policy with pre-existing labor tax distortions to include pre-existing monopoly power as well. We show that the existence of monopoly power has two offsetting ... -
Cap-and-Trade Climate Policies with Price-Regulated Industries: How Costly are Free Allowances?
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2012-07-10)We examine the impacts of alternative cap-and-trade allowance allocation designs in a model of the U.S. economy where price-regulated electric utilities generate 30% of total CO2 emissions. Our empirical model embeds a ... -
Capturing Natural Resource Dynamics in Top-Down Energy‑Economic Equilibrium Models
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2015-10)Top-down energy-economic modeling approaches often use deliberately simple techniques to represent heterogeneous resource inputs to production. We show that for some policies, such as feed-in tariffs (FIT) for renewable ... -
Carbon emissions and the Kyoto commitment in the European Union
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2001-02)We estimate reference CO₂ emission projections in the European Union, and quantify the economic impacts of the Kyoto commitment on Member States. We consider the case where each EU member individually meets a CO₂ emissions ... -
Carbon emissions in China: How far can new efforts bend the curve?
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2014-10)While China is on track to meet its global climate commitments through 2020, China’s post-2020 CO2 emissions trajectory is highly uncertain, with projections varying widely across studies. Over the past year, the Chinese ... -
Carbon Tax Revenue and the Budget Deficit: A Win-Win-Win Solution?
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2012-08)Bush-era tax cuts are scheduled to expire at the end of 2012, leading to interest in raising revenue through a carbon tax. This revenue could be used to either cut other taxes or to avoid cuts in Federal programs. There ... -
Changes in sea-level associated with modifications on the mass balance of the Greenland and Antartic ice sheets over the 21st century
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 1999-10)Changes in runoff from Greenland and Antarctica are often cited as one of the major concerns linked to anthropogenic changes in climate. The changes in mass balance, and associated changes in sea-level, of these two ice ... -
Characterization of the Solar Power Resource in Europe and Assessing Benefits of Co-Location with Wind Power Installations
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2014-10)The extent, availability and reliability of solar power generation are assessed over Europe, and—following a previously developed methodology—special attention is given to the intermittency of solar power. Combined with ... -
Characterization of the Wind Power Resource in Europe and its Intermittency
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2014-03)Wind power is assessed over Europe, with special attention given to the quantification of intermittency. Using the methodology developed in Gunturu and Schlosser (2011), the MERRA boundary flux data was used to compute ... -
Characterization of Wind Power Resource in the United States and its Intermittency
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2011-12)Wind resource in the continental and offshore United States has been reconstructed and characterized using metrics that describe, apart from abundance, its availability, persistence and intermittency. The Modern Era ... -
The China-in-Global Energy Model
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2014-05)The China-in-Global Energy Model (C-GEM) is a global Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model that captures the interaction of production, consumption and trade among multiple global regions and sectors – including five ... -
City-Size Distribution as a Function of Socioeconomic Conditions: An Eclectic Approach to Downscaling Global Population
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2012-03)In this study, we introduce a new method of downscaling global population distribution, for which purpose conventional approaches have serious limitations in application. Our approach is “eclectic,” as it explores the ... -
CliCrop: a Crop Water-Stress and Irrigation Demand Model for an Integrated Global Assessment Model Approach
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2012-04)This paper describes the use of the CliCrop model in the context of climate change general assessment modeling. The MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) framework is a global integrated assessment modeling framework ... -
Climate Change Impacts on Extreme Events in the United States: An Uncertainty Analysis
(MIT Joint Program, 2013-05)Extreme weather and climate events, such as heat waves, droughts and severe precipitation events, have substantial impacts on ecosystems and the economy. However, future climate simulations display large uncertainty in ... -
Climate Change Taxes and Energy Efficiency in Japan
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005-05)In 2003 Japan proposed a Climate Change Tax to reduce its CO2 emissions to the level required by the Kyoto Protocol. If implemented, the tax would be levied on fossil fuel use and the revenue distributed to several sectors ... -
Climate Change, Mortality, and Adaptation: Evidence from Annual Fluctuations in Weather in the U.S.
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2007-08)This paper produces the first large-scale estimates of the U.S. health related welfare costs due to climate change. Using the presumably random year-to-year variation in temperature and two state of the art climate models, ... -
Climate Co-benefits of Tighter SO2 and NOx Regulations in China
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2012-10-01)Air pollution has been recognized as a significant problem in China. In its Twelfth Five Year Plan (FYP), China proposes to reduce SO2 and NOx emissions significantly, and here we investigate the cost of achieving those ... -
Climate Prediction: The Limits of Ocean Models
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2004-02)We identify three major areas of ignorance which limit predictability in current ocean GCMs. One is the very crude representation of subgrid-scale mixing processes. These processes are parameterized with coefficients whose ...
