Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 3009-3028 of 55773
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ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2020)Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions ... -
ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2020)Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions ... -
Atrial fibrillation and risks of cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and death: systematic review and meta-analysis
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2016-09)Objective: To quantify the association between atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and death. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: Medline and Embase. Eligibility criteria: ... -
Atrial fibrillation as risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death in women compared with men: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2016-01)Objective: To determine whether atrial fibrillation is a stronger risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death in women compared with men. Design: Meta-analysis of cohort studies. Data: sources Studies published ... -
ATRX Directs Binding of PRC2 to Xist RNA and Polycomb Targets
(Elsevier, 2014-11)X chromosome inactivation (XCI) depends on the long noncoding RNA Xist and its recruitment of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). PRC2 is also targeted to other sites throughout the genome to effect transcriptional ... -
Attaching zanamivir to a polymer markedly enhances its activity against drug-resistant strains of influenza a virus
(Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons), 2010-08)Effects of the commercial drug zanamivir (Relenza™) covalently attached to poly-l-glutamine on the infectivity of influenza A viruses are examined using the plaque reduction assay and binding affinity to viral neuraminidase ... -
Attachment of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 to host cells requires sulfation
(National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), 2012-06)Chlamydia trachomatis is a pathogen responsible for a prevalent sexually transmitted disease. It is also the most common cause of infectious blindness in the developing world. We performed a loss-of-function genetic screen ... -
Attendee-Sourcing: Exploring The Design Space of Community-Informed Conference Scheduling
(Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), 2014-11)Constructing a good conference schedule for a large multi-track conference needs to take into account the preferences and constraints of organizers, authors, and attendees. Creating a schedule which has fewer conflicts for ... -
Attention and Anticipation in Fast Visual-Inertial Navigation
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2017-07)We study a visual-inertial navigation (VIN) problem in which a robot needs to estimate its state using an on-board camera and an inertial sensor, without any prior knowledge of the external environment. We consider the ... -
Attention and anticipation in fast visual-inertial navigation
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2017-07)Visual attention is the cognitive process that allows humans to parse a large amount of sensory data by selecting relevant information and filtering out irrelevant stimuli. This papers develops a computational approach for ... -
Attention and Biased Competition in Multi-voxel Object Representations
(National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), 2009-12)The biased-competition theory accounts for attentional effects at the single-neuron level: It predicts that the neuronal response to simultaneously-presented stimuli is a weighted average of the response to isolated stimuli, ... -
Attention as a Bayesian inference process
(SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2011-03)David Marr famously defined vision as "knowing what is where by seeing". In the framework described here, attention is the inference process that solves the visual recognition problem of what is where. The theory proposes ... -
Attention Drives Synchronization of Alpha and Beta Rhythms between Right Inferior Frontal and Primary Sensory Neocortex
(Society for Neuroscience, 2015-02)The right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) is specifically associated with attentional control via the inhibition of behaviorally irrelevant stimuli and motor responses. Similarly, recent evidence has shown that alpha (7–14 ... -
Attention Increases the Temporal Precision of Conscious Perception: Verifying the Neural-ST2 Model
(Public Library of Science, 2009-11)What role does attention play in ensuring the temporal precision of visual perception? Behavioural studies have investigated feature selection and binding in time using fleeting sequences of stimuli in the Rapid Serial ... -
Attention-based neural networks for clinical prediction modelling on electronic health records
(BioMed Central, 2023-12-07)Background Deep learning models have had a lot of success in various fields. However, on structured data they have struggled. Here we apply four state-of-the-art supervised deep learning models using the ... -
The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials
(MIT Press with the Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, 2009-03)Observers often miss a second target (T2) if it follows an identified first target item (T1) within half a second in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP), a finding termed the attentional blink. If two targets are ... -
Attentional episodes in visual perception
(American Psychological Association (APA), 2011-08)Is one's temporal perception of the world truly as seamless as it appears? This article presents a computationally motivated theory suggesting that visual attention samples information from temporal episodes (episodic ... -
Attentional Measures of Memory in Typically Developing and Hypoxic–Ischemic Injured Infants
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020-11-06)Hypoxic–ischemic injury (HII) at birth has been found to relate to differences in development, including decreased memory performance. The current study assessed recognition memory in 6- and 12-month-old HII infants ... -
Attentional Modulation of Cell-Class-Specific Gamma-Band Synchronization in Awake Monkey Area V4
(Elsevier, 2013-11)Selective visual attention is subserved by selective neuronal synchronization, entailing precise orchestration among excitatory and inhibitory cells. We tentatively identified these as broad (BS) and narrow spiking (NS) ... -
AttentivU: an EEG-based closed-loop biofeedback system for real-time monitoring and improvement of engagement for personalized learning
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019-11-27)Information about a person’s engagement and attention might be a valuable asset in many settings including work situations, driving, and learning environments. To this end, we propose the first prototype of a device ...