Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 48467-48486 of 54481
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Synapse development in health and disease
(Elsevier, 2011-01)Recent insights into the genetic basis of neurological disease have led to the hypothesis that molecular pathways involved in synaptic growth, development, and stability are perturbed in a variety of mental disorders. ... -
Synapse-directed delivery of immunomodulators using T-cell-conjugated nanoparticles
(Elsevier, 2012-05)Regulating molecular interactions in the T-cell synapse to prevent autoimmunity or, conversely, to boost anti-tumor immunity has long been a goal in immunotherapy. However, delivering therapeutically meaningful doses of ... -
Synapsin Regulates Activity-Dependent Outgrowth of Synaptic Boutons at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction
(Society for Neuroscience, 2014-08)Patterned depolarization of Drosophila motor neurons can rapidly induce the outgrowth of new synaptic boutons at the larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ), providing a model system to investigate mechanisms underlying acute ... -
Synaptic and genomic responses to JNK and AP-1 signaling in Drosophilaneurons
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2005-06)Background: The transcription factor AP-1 positively controls synaptic plasticity at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. Although in motor neurons, JNK has been shown to activate AP-1, a positive regulator of growth and ... -
Synaptic basis of a sub-second representation of time in a neural circuit model
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022-12-22)<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Temporal sequences of neural activity are essential for driving well-timed behaviors, but the underlying cellular and circuit mechanisms remain elusive. We leveraged the well-defined ... -
Synaptic Correlates of Binocular Convergence: Just a Coincidence?
(Society for Neuroscience, 2014-07)A longstanding goal in neuroscience is to identify and understand synaptic mechanisms underlying the formation of neural circuits that perform sensory computations. Maturation of these circuits proceeds through developmental ... -
Synaptic Deficits Are Rescued in the p25/Cdk5 Model of Neurodegeneration by the Reduction of beta-Secretase (BACE1)
(Society for Neuroscience, 2011-11)Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and is characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline, as well as amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation, and progressive neurodegeneration. Cdk5 is a proline-directed ... -
Synaptic Drive at Developing Synapses: Transient Upregulation of Kainate Receptors
(Wiley-Blackwell Pubishers, 2010-05)At the onset of a period of intense synaptic refinement initiated by synchronized eye opening (EO), rapid changes in postsynaptic NMDA receptor and AMPA receptor currents (NMDARcs and AMPARcs) occur within the superficial ... -
Synaptic Dysfunction in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated with Autism and Intellectual Disabilities
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2012-01)The discovery of the genetic causes of syndromic autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities has greatly informed our understanding of the molecular pathways critical for normal synaptic function. The top-down ... -
Synaptic Effects of Dopamine Breakdown and Their Relation to Schizophrenia-Linked Working Memory Deficits
(Frontiers Media SA, 2018-06)Working memory is the ability to hold information "online" over a time delay in order to perform a task. This kind of memory is encoded in the brain by persistent neural activity that outlasts the presentation of a stimulus. ... -
Synaptic Growth: Dancing with Adducin
(Elsevier, 2011-05)Manipulations of the actin-capping protein adducin in Drosophila and mammalian neurons provide new insights into the mechanisms linking structural changes to synaptic plasticity and learning. Adducin regulates synaptic ... -
Synaptic Plasticity Induced by Differential Manipulation of Tonic and Phasic Motoneurons in Drosophila
(Society for Neuroscience, 2020)© 2020 Aponte-Santiago et al Structural and functional plasticity induced by neuronal competition is a common feature of developing nervous systems. However, the rules governing how postsynaptic cells differentiate between ... -
Synaptic Properties and Plasticity Mechanisms of Invertebrate Tonic and Phasic Neurons
(Frontiers Media SA, 2020-12)Defining neuronal cell types and their associated biophysical and synaptic diversity has become an important goal in neuroscience as a mechanism to create comprehensive brain cell atlases in the post-genomic age. Beyond ... -
A Synaptic Strategy for Consolidation of Convergent Visuotopic Maps
(Elsevier, 2011-08)The mechanisms by which experience guides refinement of converging afferent pathways are poorly understood. We describe a vision-driven refinement of corticocollicular inputs that determines the consolidation of retinal ... -
Synaptic Targeting and Function of SAPAPs Mediated by Phosphorylation-Dependent Binding to PSD-95 MAGUKs
(Elsevier, 2017-12)The PSD-95/SAPAP/Shank complex functions as the major scaffold in orchestrating the formation and plasticity of the post-synaptic densities (PSDs). We previously demonstrated that the exquisitely specific SAPAP/Shank ... -
Synaptotagmin 2 Mutations Cause an Autosomal-Dominant Form of Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome and Nonprogressive Motor Neuropathy
(Elsevier B.V., 2014-09)Synaptotagmin 2 is a synaptic vesicle protein that functions as a calcium sensor for neurotransmission but has not been previously associated with human disease. Via whole-exome sequencing, we identified heterozygous ... -
Synaptotagmin 7 switches short-term synaptic plasticity from depression to facilitation by suppressing synaptic transmission
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021)© 2021, The Author(s). Short-term synaptic plasticity is a fast and robust modification in neuronal presynaptic output that can enhance release strength to drive facilitation or diminish it to promote depression. The ... -
A synaptotagmin suppressor screen indicates SNARE binding controls the timing and Ca²⁺ cooperativity of vesicle fusion
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2017-09)The synaptic vesicle Ca²⁺ sensor Synaptotagmin binds Ca²⁺ through its two C2 domains to trigger membrane interactions. Beyond membrane insertion by the C2 domains, other requirements for Synaptotagmin activity are still ... -
Sync Kit: A persistent client-side database caching toolkit for data intensive websites
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2010-04)We introduce a client-server toolkit called Sync Kit that demonstrates how client-side database storage can improve the performance of data intensive websites. Sync Kit is designed to make use of the embedded relational ... -
Synchromodal Supply Chains for Fast-Moving Consumer Goods
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2023-02-28)Synchromodality is an emerging concept in supply chain management. A synchromodal supply chain can be defined as a multimodal transportation planning system, wherein the different agents work in an integrated and flexible ...
