Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 12248-12267 of 55740
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Dissecting the multicellular ecosystem of metastatic melanoma by single-cell RNA-seq
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2016-04)To explore the distinct genotypic and phenotypic states of melanoma tumors, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to 4645 single cells isolated from 19 patients, profiling malignant, immune, stromal, and endothelial ... -
Dissecting the tumor microenvironment in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors via single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
(Springer Netherlands, 2023-12-08)Cancer is a disease that undergoes selective pressure to evolve during its progression, becoming increasingly heterogeneous. Tumoral heterogeneity can dictate therapeutic response. Transcriptomics can be used to uncover ... -
Dissection of Axial-Pore Loop Function during Unfolding and Translocation by a AAA+ Proteolytic Machine
(Elsevier, 2015-07)In the axial channels of ClpX and related hexameric AAA+ protein-remodeling rings, the pore-1 loops are thought to play important roles in engaging, mechanically unfolding, and translocating protein substrates. How these ... -
Dissection with the Fewest Pieces is Hard, Even to Approximate
(Springer International Publishing, 2016-11)We prove that it is NP-hard to dissect one simple orthogonal polygon into another using a given number of pieces, as is approximating the fewest pieces to within a factor of 1+1/1080−ε . -
Dissipation Bounds All Steady-State Current Fluctuations
(American Physical Society, 2016-03)Near equilibrium, small current fluctuations are described by a Gaussian distribution with a linear-response variance regulated by the dissipation. Here, we demonstrate that dissipation still plays a dominant role in ... -
Dissipation of Information in Channels With Input Constraints
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015-09)One of the basic tenets in information theory, the data processing inequality states that the output divergence does not exceed the input divergence for any channel. For channels without input constraints, various estimates ... -
Dissipationless conductance in a topological coaxial cable
(American Physical Society, 2016-09)We present a dynamical mechanism leading to dissipationless conductance, whose quantized value is controllable in a (3+1)-dimensional electronic system. The mechanism is exemplified by a theory of Weyl fermions coupled to ... -
Dissipative particle dynamics for directed self-assembly of block copolymers
(AIP Publishing, 2019)© 2019 Author(s). The dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation method has been shown to be a promising tool to study self-assembly of soft matter systems. In particular, it has been used to study block copolymer (BCP) ... -
Dissipative Preparation of Spin Squeezed Atomic Ensembles in a Steady State
(American Physical Society, 2013-03)We present and analyze a new approach for the generation of atomic spin-squeezed states. Our method involves the collective coupling of an atomic ensemble to a decaying mode of an open optical cavity. We demonstrate the ... -
Dissociable Influences of Auditory Object vs. Spatial Attention on Visual System Oscillatory Activity
(Public Library of Science, 2012-06)Given that both auditory and visual systems have anatomically separate object identification (“what”) and spatial (“where”) pathways, it is of interest whether attention-driven cross-sensory modulations occur separately ... -
Dissociable Neural Substrates for Agentic versus Conceptual Representations of Self
(MIT Press, 2010-10)Although humans generally experience a coherent sense of selfhood, we can nevertheless articulate different aspects of self. Recent research has demonstrated that one such aspect of self—conceptual knowledge of one's own ... -
Dissociable Neural Systems Supporting Knowledge about Human Character Appearance in Ourselves and Others
(MIT Press, 2010-10)Functional neuroimaging has identified a neural system comprised of posterior cingulate (pCC) and medial prefrontal (mPFC) cortices that appears to mediate self-referential thought. It is unclear whether the two components ... -
Dissociating executive function and ADHD influences on reading ability in children with dyslexia
(Elsevier BV, 2022)Developmental dyslexia (DD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders among school-age children. These disorders frequently co-occur, with up to 40-50% of ... -
Dissociating intuitive physics from intuitive psychology: Evidence from Williams syndrome
(Elsevier BV, 2017)© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Prior work suggests that our understanding of how things work (“intuitive physics”) and how people work (“intuitive psychology”) are distinct domains of human cognition. Here we directly test the ... -
Dissociation Mechanisms of Dissolved Alkali Silicates in Sodium Hydroxide
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2020-03)Recent accelerated simulations of the decondensation of silicates by sodium hydroxide open a window on understanding complex mechanisms of the depolymerization of silicate chains. Herein, complex mechanisms of decondensation ... -
Dissociation of Detection and Discrimination of Pure Tones following Bilateral Lesions of Auditory Cortex
(Public Library of Science, 2012-09)It is well known that damage to the peripheral auditory system causes deficits in tone detection as well as pitch and loudness perception across a wide range of frequencies. However, the extent to which to which the auditory ... -
Dissociation of functional and structural plasticity of dendritic spines during NMDAR and mGluR-dependent long-term synaptic depression in wild-type and fragile X model mice
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020)© 2020, The Author(s). Many neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by impaired functional synaptic plasticity and abnormal dendritic spine morphology, but little is known about how these are related. Previous work ... -
Dissociation of functional and structural plasticity of dendritic spines during NMDAR and mGluR-dependent long-term synaptic depression in wild-type and fragile X model mice
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-07)© 2020, The Author(s). Many neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by impaired functional synaptic plasticity and abnormal dendritic spine morphology, but little is known about how these are related. Previous work ... -
Dissociation of working memory impairments and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the brain
(Elsevier, 2015-12)Prevailing neuropsychological models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) propose that ADHD arises from deficits in executive functions such as working memory, but accumulating clinical evidence suggests a ...
