Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 21105-21124 of 32359
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Orthogonal Dietary Niche Enables Reversible Engraftment of a Gut Bacterial Commensal
(Elsevier, 2018-08)Interest in manipulating the gut microbiota to treat disease has led to a need for understanding how organisms can establish themselves when introduced into a host with an intact microbial community. While probiotic or ... -
Orthogonal gene knockout and activation with a catalytically active Cas9 nuclease
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015-10)We have developed a CRISPR-based method that uses catalytically active Cas9 and distinct single guide (sgRNA) constructs to knock out and activate different genes in the same cell. These sgRNAs, with 14- to 15-bp target ... -
Orthogonal Labeling of M13 Minor Capsid Proteins with DNA to Self-Assemble End-to-End Multiphage Structures
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2013-09)M13 bacteriophage has been used as a scaffold to organize materials for various applications. Building more complex multiphage devices requires precise control of interactions between the M13 capsid proteins. Toward this ... -
Orthogonal magnetization and symmetry breaking in pyrochlore iridate Eu2Ir2O7
(Springer Nature, 2017-02)Electrons in the pyrochlore iridates experience a large interaction energy in addition to a strong spin-orbit interaction. Both features make the iridates promising for realizing novel states such as the topological Mott ... -
Orthogonal Matching Pursuit for Sparse Signal Recovery With Noise
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2011-07)We consider the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm for the recovery of a high-dimensional sparse signal based on a small number of noisy linear measurements. OMP is an iterative greedy algorithm that selects at ... -
Orthogonal metals: The simplest non-Fermi liquids
(American Physical Society, 2012-07)We present a fractionalized metallic phase which is indistinguishable from the Fermi liquid in conductivity and thermodynamics, but is sharply distinct in one-electron properties, such as the electron spectral function. ... -
Orthogonal Rendezvous Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and Association for Computing Machinery, 2009-04)Routing in multi-hop wireless networks involves the indirection from a persistent name (or ID) to a locator. Concepts such as coordinate space embedding help reduce the number and dynamism complexity of bindings and state ... -
Orthogonality Conditions and Asymptotic Stability in the Stefan Problem with Surface Tension
(Springer-Verlag, 2011-09)We prove nonlinear asymptotic stability of steady spheres in the two-phase Stefan problem with surface tension. Our method relies on the introduction of appropriate orthogonality conditions in conjunction with a high-order ... -
Orthogonality Relations and Cherednik Identities for Multivariable Baker-Akhiezer Functions
(Elsevier, 2013-03)We establish orthogonality relations for the Baker–Akhiezer (BA) eigenfunctions of the Macdonald difference operators. We also obtain a version of Cherednik–Macdonald–Mehta integral for these functions. As a corollary, we ... -
Oscillations in light-triggered logic microfluidic circuit
(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013-08)Control of droplets in microfluidic environments has numerous applications ranging from analysis and sample preparation for biomaterials synthesis (Mann and Ozin Nature 382:313–318, 1996) and medical diagnostics (Pipper ... -
Oscillator Array Models for Associative Memory and Pattern Recognition
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015-05)Brain-inspired arrays of parallel processing oscillators represent an intriguing alternative to traditional computational methods for data analysis and recognition. This alternative is now becoming more concrete thanks to ... -
Oscillatory dynamics in a bacterial cross-protection mutualism
(National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), 2016-05)Cooperation between microbes can enable microbial communities to survive in harsh environments. Enzymatic deactivation of antibiotics, a common mechanism of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, is a cooperative behavior that ... -
Oscillatory multiphase flow strategy for chemistry and biology
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016-07)Continuous multiphase flow strategies are commonly employed for high-throughput parameter screening of physical, chemical, and biological processes as well as continuous preparation of a wide range of fine chemicals and ... -
Oscillatory Synchronization in Large-Scale Cortical Networks Predicts Perception
(Elsevier, 2011-01)Normal brain function requires the dynamic interaction of functionally specialized but widely distributed cortical regions. Long-range synchronization of oscillatory signals has been suggested to mediate these interactions ... -
Oscillatory three-phase flow reactor for studies of bi-phasic catalytic reactions
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015-04)A multi-phase flow strategy, based on oscillatory motion of a bi-phasic slug within a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) tubular reactor, under inert atmosphere, is designed and developed to address mixing and mass ... -
Oscillons after Inflation
(American Physical Society, 2012-06)Oscillons are massive, long-lived, localized excitations of a scalar field. We show that in a class of well-motivated single-field models, inflation is followed by self resonance, leading to copious oscillon generation and ... -
An oscilloscope array for high-impedance device characterization
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-11)An equivalent time oscilloscope array is implemented in a 90 nm CMOS technology. A combination of adjustable termination, calibration circuitry and capacitance compensation enables driver bandwidths between 0.4 to 2 GHz ... -
Osmotic pressure induced tensile forces in tendon collagen
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015-01)Water is an important component of collagen in tendons, but its role for the function of this load-carrying protein structure is poorly understood. Here we use a combination of multi-scale experimentation and computation ... -
Osmotic Pressure of Aqueous Chondroitin Sulfate Solution: A Molecular Modeling Investigation
(Elsevier, 2005-10)The osmotic pressure of chondroitin sulfate (CS) solution in contact with an aqueous 1:1 salt reservoir of fixed ionic strength is studied using a recently developed coarse-grained molecular model. The effects of sulfation ... -
OSPREY: Implementation of Memory Consistency Models for Cache Coherence Protocols involving Invalidation-Free Data Access
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2016-03)Data access in modern processors contributes significantly to the overall performance and energy consumption. Traditionally, data is distributed among the cores through an on-chip cache hierarchy, and each producer/consumer ...
