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Deep elastic strain engineering of bandgap through machine learning
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019-02-15)
Nanoscale specimens of semiconductor materials as diverse as silicon and diamond are now known to be deformable to large elastic strains without inelastic relaxation. These discoveries harbinger a new age of deep elastic ...
Toward electrochemical synthesis of cement—An electrolyzer-based process for decarbonating CaCO₃ while producing useful gas streams
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019-09-16)
Cement production is currently the largest single industrial emitter of CO₂, accounting for∼8% (2.8 Gtons/y) of global CO₂ emissions.Deep decarbonization of cement manufacturing will require remediation of both the CO₂ ...
A relatively wide-bandgap and air-stable donor polymer for fabrication of efficient semitransparent and tandem organic photovoltaics
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019-10-16)
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted tremendous attention in the field of thin-film solar cells due to their wide range of applications, especially for semitransparent devices. Here, we synthesize a dithiaindaceno ...
Hyperactivation of sympathetic nerves drives depletion of melanocyte stem cells
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-01)
Empirical and anecdotal evidence has associated stress with accelerated hair greying (formation of unpigmented hairs)1,2, but so far there has been little scientific validation of this link. Here we report that, in mice, ...
Topology on a new facet of bismuth
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019-06-13)
Bismuth-based materials have been instrumental in the development of topological physics, even though bulk bismuth itself has been long thought to be topologically trivial. A recent study has, however, shown that bismuth ...
Design principles of 3D epigenetic memory systems
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2023-11-17)
<jats:p>Cells remember their identities, in part, by using epigenetic marks—chemical modifications placed along the genome. How can mark patterns remain stable over cell generations despite their constant erosion by ...
Selective sulfidation of metal compounds
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-12-16)
There is urgent, unprecedented demand for critical, by- and coproduct metallic elements for the infrastructure (magnets, batteries, catalysts, electronics) needed to power society with renewable electricity1–3. However, ...
Judging facts, judging norms: Training machine learning models to judge humans requires a modified approach to labeling data
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2023-05-12)
As governments and industry turn to increased use of automated decision systems, it becomes essential to consider how closely such systems can reproduce human judgment. We identify a core potential failure, finding that ...
Intentional creation of carbon-rich dark earth soils in the Amazon
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2023-09-22)
Fertile soil known as Amazonian dark earth is central to the debate over the size and ecological impact of ancient human populations in the Amazon. Dark earth is typically associated with human occupation, but it is uncertain ...
Atomic structure of the open SARS-CoV-2 E viroporin
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2023-10-13)
The envelope (E) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus forms cation-conducting channels in the endoplasmic reticulum Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) of infected cells. The calcium channel activity of E is associated with ...