The effects of orientation on ground penetrating radar

Abstract

This paper discusses how changes in the orientation of a Ground Penetrating Radar's receiver with respect to its transmitter can affect the detection of radar pulses by the receiver. The orientation changes discussed in this paper are elevating the receiver, rotating the receiver in the surface plane, translating the receiver sideways, tilting the receiver backwards, tilting the receiver forwards, and tilting the receiver sideways. The effect of these movements will be measured by changes in the arrival times and amplitudes of the ground wave and the first reflection. From the data taken, it seems that, except for the change in amplitude from elevating the receiver, the change in orientation required to significantly effect the data is greater than the change that would occur during most uses of GPR and should not be a serious problem.