MIT Libraries logoDSpace@MIT

MIT
View Item 
  • DSpace@MIT Home
  • MIT Libraries
  • MIT Theses
  • Doctoral Theses
  • View Item
  • DSpace@MIT Home
  • MIT Libraries
  • MIT Theses
  • Doctoral Theses
  • View Item
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

Efficient superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in quantum optics

Author(s)
Hu, Xiaolong, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Thumbnail
DownloadFull printable version (16.63Mb)
Other Contributors
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Advisor
Karl K. Berggren.
Terms of use
M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582
Metadata
Show full item record
Abstract
Superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are an emerging technology for infrared photon counting and detection. Their advantages include good device efficiency, fast operating speed, low dark-count rate, low timing jitter, free running mode, and no afterpulsing. The challenges to be addressed prior to real applications are cryogenic operations, small active areas, and efficiency-speed tradeoffs. This thesis presents the effort to address these challenges. A fiber-coupled SNSPD system with a large-area detector in a closed-cycle cryocooler has been built, demonstrating 24% system detection efficiency with a darkcount rate of -1000 counts/sec. As a result, the SNSPD system becomes a convenient tool with a single-mode fiber as the input channel and an SMA cable as the output channel. This system has enabled high-quality polarization-entanglement distribution at the wavelength of 1.3 tm. The 99.2% visibility in Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference measured in this experiment is the highest HOM visibility that has ever been reported for waveguide-based photon-pair sources. After entanglement is distributed, a pair rate of 5.8 pairs/sec at a pump power of 25 iW and two-photon quantum interference visibility of 97.7% have been measured. On the other hand, increasing the active area of the detector does decrease its speed. To address the issue of efficiency-speed tradeoff, SNSPDs have been integrated with optical nano-antennae. A 9- im-by-9- tm detector with 47% device efficiency and 5-ns reset time has been demonstrated. In terms of active area, device efficiency and speed, this SNSPD has the record performance among single-element SNSPDs. Finally, waveguide-integrated SNSPDs have been proposed and designed. The device structure permits efficient coupling of photons into a short nanowire, and thus, efficient and fast SNSPDs. This structure is compatible with on-chip photonic technologies, including inverse-taper couplers and ring resonators, that have been developed in recent years.
Description
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.
 
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
 
Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-131).
 
Date issued
2011
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63073
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Publisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Keywords
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

Collections
  • Doctoral Theses

Browse

All of DSpaceCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

My Account

Login

Statistics

OA StatisticsStatistics by CountryStatistics by Department
MIT Libraries
PrivacyPermissionsAccessibilityContact us
MIT
Content created by the MIT Libraries, CC BY-NC unless otherwise noted. Notify us about copyright concerns.