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Introducing spin-orbit interaction in graphene
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
The excellent electron properties of graphene, an atomically-thin material with record-high carrier mobility and gate tunability, make it central to modern nanoscience. However, the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) naturally ...
Nucleon structure and Its modification in nuclei
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
Inclusive electron scattering experiments using fixed targets are an important tool for studying the structure of the nucleons. The electromagnetic structure of the proton, as encapsulated by its elastic form factors, can ...
Measurement of helium isotopic composition in cosmic rays with AMS-02
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
The isotopic composition of helium in cosmic ray fluxes provides valuable information about cosmic ray propagation through the Galaxy, which is of particular interest to indirect dark matter searches. Helium-3, mainly a ...
On quantum randomness and quantum resources
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
This thesis is consisted of two independent parts. The first part is on entanglement, quantum randomness, and complexity beyond scrambling. More explicitly, we study the Rényi entanglement entropies of quantum designs. The ...
NMR studies of localization and out-of-time ordered commutators
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
This thesis presents a study of many-spin dynamics using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) simulator. A novel correlation metric was designed and experimentally measured in a solid state spin chain system to investigate ...
Møller scattering at low energy
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
Møller scattering is one of the most fundamental processes in QED. Its knowledge at high precision is necessary for a variety of modern nuclear and particle physics experiments. However, most treatments have neglected the ...
Measurement of secondary cosmic rays lithium, beryllium, and boron by the alpha magnetic spectrometer
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
Secondary cosmic rays are mainly produced by the collisions of nuclei with the interstellar medium. The precise knowledge of secondary cosmic rays is important to understand the origin and propagation of cosmic rays in the ...
Modeling the formation of current sheets in symmetric and asymmetric reconnection
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
In this thesis we investigate the nature of magnetic reconnection using analytic and numerical methods. We consider configurations which are symmetric across the reconnection layer relevant to the Earth magnetotail, as ...
Novel transport regimes in graphene
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
Transport phenomena in solids -- such as energy and charge flows in response to external fields -- is a subject of fundamental interest for solid state physics. Carrier transport exhibits a wide variety of intriguing and ...
Intergalactic baryon enrichment and implications for galaxy evolution at high redshift
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018)
In this thesis we present several surveys of heavy element absorber characteristics at high redshift, gauging properties of diffuse intra- and intergalactic gas in the first several Gyr of the Universe. At z ~ 3.5, we study ...